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Impactos transfronterizos de aguas subterráneas y intervenciones de gestión conjunta: una visión general de estudios
Arnaud Sterckx1, Constanza Maass-Morales2, Christina M Fraser3
1International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (IGRAC), Delft, The Netherlands.
Journal of environmental management
|February 6, 2026
Resumen
La cooperación en acuíferos transfronterizos (ATF) es crucial pero escasa. Este estudio destaca los impactos y la gestión transfronteriza de las aguas subterráneas en el mundo real, enfatizando la colaboración proactiva para la gestión sostenible de los recursos compartidos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hidrogeología
- Derecho Internacional del Agua
- Gestión Ambiental
Sus antecedentes:
- Los acuíferos transfronterizos (ATF) son recursos compartidos vitales que requieren una gestión multilateral.
- La cooperación en ATF es actualmente baja, atribuida a la falta de conciencia y voluntad política.
- Comprender los impactos transfronterizos de las aguas subterráneas es esencial para una gestión eficaz de los ATF.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Demostrar la necesidad y relevancia de la cooperación en ATF.
- Proporcionar una visión general de los impactos transfronterizos globales de las aguas subterráneas e intervenciones de gestión conjunta.
- Extraer lecciones para mejorar la cooperación en ATF.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión exhaustiva de la literatura académica y gris.
- Identificación y análisis de casos reales de ATF.
- Clasificación de los impactos transfronterizos de las aguas subterráneas e intervenciones de gestión.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron diversos tipos de impactos transfronterizos de aguas subterráneas e intervenciones de gestión conjunta.
- Se destacaron entornos específicos de ATF donde han ocurrido casos.
- La evidencia sugiere priorizar la gestión conjunta en grandes ATF, a menudo más allá de las áreas fronterizas inmediatas.
Conclusiones:
- Se necesitan mecanismos de cooperación proactiva para la gestión conjunta de los ATF.
- La gestión conjunta debe tener como objetivo mitigar, remediar y prevenir los impactos transfronterizos de las aguas subterráneas.
- La mejora de la cooperación es clave para la gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos subterráneos compartidos.
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