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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

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Diferencias individuales en las habilidades de mentalización y su relación con el procesamiento de conceptos

Hannah T Corenblum1, Penny M Pexman1

  • 1Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.

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La inferencia del estado mental, la capacidad de comprender los estados mentales, puede ser un mecanismo clave para procesar el significado de las palabras. Las habilidades de mentalización más sólidas se correlacionan con un mayor "efecto de cognición" en el procesamiento semántico.

Palabras clave:
Efecto de cogniciónProcesamiento léxico-semánticoInferencia del estado mentalMentalizaciónTeorías de representación múltipleRepresentación semántica

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Psicología Cognitiva
  • Neurociencia
  • Lingüística

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las teorías de la semántica léxica proponen la recuperación del significado a través de la simulación.
  • Los mecanismos de simulación en el procesamiento semántico siguen sin estar claros.
  • La inferencia del estado mental es un mecanismo de simulación propuesto para conceptos cognitivos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar si la inferencia del estado mental actúa como un mecanismo de simulación para el significado de las palabras.
  • Examinar la relación entre las diferencias individuales en las habilidades de mentalización y el procesamiento semántico.
  • Probar el 'efecto de cognición' en tareas de clasificación sintáctica.

Principales métodos:

  • Un estudio pre-registrado con 297 participantes adultos.
  • Se evaluaron las habilidades de mentalización utilizando tres medidas distintas.
  • Se emplearon dos tareas de clasificación sintáctica (verbo/sustantivo) para evaluar el procesamiento semántico.
  • Se midieron los tiempos de reacción y la precisión para identificar el efecto de cognición.

Principales resultados:

  • Se replicó el efecto de cognición: las palabras de alta cognición se procesaron más rápido y con mayor precisión.
  • Se encontraron interacciones significativas entre las habilidades de mentalización y el efecto de cognición.
  • Los individuos con mayores habilidades de mentalización exhibieron un efecto de cognición más pronunciado.

Conclusiones:

  • Los hallazgos respaldan el papel de la inferencia del estado mental como mecanismo de simulación en el acceso al significado de las palabras.
  • Las diferencias individuales en la capacidad de mentalización influyen en la fuerza del efecto de cognición.
  • Esta investigación proporciona evidencia empírica que vincula las habilidades de la teoría de la mente con el procesamiento semántico léxico.