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Avances y perspectivas en terapias dirigidas a CEA: del biomarcador clásico al objetivo terapéutico accionable

Liangjie Sun¹, Guo Zhao¹, Jiawei Zhou¹

¹Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Langfang Campus, Langfang 065001, China.

Med (New York, N.Y.)

|February 6, 2026

Abstract:

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) stands as a classic and widely applied tumor biomarker mainly for epithelial malignancies. Its restricted tumor expression pattern and role in cellular adhesion render it a promising therapeutic target. However, the translation of CEA into effective therapies has long been hindered by multiple challenges. As the first comprehensive review of CEA-targeted therapies, we leveraged peer-reviewed literature and officially disclosed global pharmaceutical data to delineate the landscape and evaluate the prospects across all subfields of CEA-targeted drug modalities, including antibody-drug conjugates, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific antibodies, vaccines, and radionuclide conjugates. We also dissected the underlying mechanisms of the challenges contributing to these setbacks. By proposing multifaceted and innovative strategies, this review facilitates CEA's transition from a diagnostic and predictive biomarker to a viable therapeutic target, ultimately supporting improved clinical outcomes for patients with CEA-expressing cancers.

Palabras clave:

CEA desarrollo de fármacos dianas terapéuticas biomarcador tumoral mecanismo tumorigénico

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