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Redefinición de los inhibidores de SGLT2 a través de mecanismos citoprotectores
Sanja Stankovic1, Zoran Miloradovic2, Vladimir Petrovic3
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Nis School of Medicine, Nis, Serbia.
European journal of pharmacology
|February 6, 2026
Resumen
Los inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa 2 (SGLT2) ofrecen beneficios más allá del control de la diabetes. Estos fármacos promueven la salud celular y pueden proteger contra enfermedades cardiovasculares y renales a través de mecanismos independientes de la reducción de la glucosa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacología; Metabolismo Celular; Endocrinología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los inhibidores de SGLT2 son tratamientos establecidos para la diabetes tipo 2.
- La evidencia sugiere que los inhibidores de SGLT2 tienen efectos pleiotrópicos más allá del control glucémico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los mecanismos moleculares de las acciones extraglucémicas de los inhibidores de SGLT2.
- Vincular estos mecanismos con datos de ensayos clínicos y explorar la reutilización terapéutica.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura de estudios experimentales y clínicos.
- Análisis de las vías celulares influenciadas por los inhibidores de SGLT2.
- Correlación de las ideas mecanicistas con los ensayos clínicos en curso.
Principales resultados:
- Los inhibidores de SGLT2 promueven la cetogénesis y regulan al alza la sirtuina 1.
- Atenúan la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo a través de la señalización AMPK-mTORC1.
- Estas acciones sugieren propiedades citoprotectoras.
Conclusiones:
- Los inhibidores de SGLT2 poseen beneficios extraglucémicos.
- Estos beneficios pueden subyacer a su eficacia en enfermedades cardiovasculares y renales.
- Se indica un potencial terapéutico ampliado más allá de la diabetes.
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