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Seguridad y viabilidad del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad a largo plazo con y sin apoyo de pares en
Kirsten N Adlard1,2,3,4, Morgan J Farley1,5,6, Alexander N Boytar1,7
1School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|February 7, 2026
Resumen
El entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT) es seguro para los supervivientes de cáncer, pero el apoyo de pares no mejoró la adherencia al ejercicio a largo plazo. La investigación futura debe centrarse en mejorar la frecuencia e intensidad del HIIT.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oncología del Ejercicio; Rehabilitación del Cáncer; Medicina Conductual
Sus antecedentes:
- Pocos supervivientes de cáncer cumplen las pautas de ejercicio recomendadas, a pesar de los beneficios conocidos de la actividad física como el entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT).; El apoyo de pares muestra potencial para mejorar la adherencia al ejercicio, pero su seguridad y viabilidad a largo plazo en supervivientes de cáncer no están bien establecidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la seguridad y viabilidad a 12 meses del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT) en supervivientes de cáncer.; Evaluar el impacto del apoyo de pares en la seguridad y viabilidad de la adherencia al HIIT a largo plazo en supervivientes de cáncer.
Principales métodos:
- 137 supervivientes de cáncer de mama, próstata y colorrectal se sometieron a 4 semanas de HIIT supervisado.; Los participantes fueron aleatorizados a 12 meses de HIIT con apoyo de pares (HIIT+PS) o solo HIIT, con acceso al gimnasio para ambos.; Se evaluaron la seguridad (eventos adversos) y la viabilidad (reclutamiento, deserción, asistencia, adherencia a la intensidad, duración, modo, contacto con pares) según criterios predefinidos.
Principales resultados:
- Tasa de reclutamiento (38%) cumplió los criterios; el HIIT de 12 meses fue seguro con 0 eventos adversos graves y 7 (0.5%) leves.; Los participantes cumplieron los criterios de duración y modo, pero no de asistencia o intensidad durante 12 meses.; El apoyo de pares (0.8 contactos/semana) cumplió los criterios de frecuencia de contacto, con preferencia por texto/cara a cara, pero no mejoró la viabilidad general del HIIT.
Conclusiones:
- Doce meses de HIIT, con o sin apoyo de pares, son seguros para los supervivientes de cáncer en cuanto a duración y modo.; El apoyo de pares, tal como se administró, fue insuficiente para mejorar la asistencia a largo plazo al HIIT o la adherencia a la intensidad.; La investigación futura debe investigar estrategias para mejorar la frecuencia e intensidad sostenidas en los programas de HIIT para supervivientes de cáncer.
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