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Plasticidad transcriptómica por empalme alternativo da forma a las respuestas al estrés salino en el sorgo coreano

Hajung Lee¹, Yuna Kang², Changsoo Kim³

¹Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB

|February 7, 2026

Resumen

Sorgo

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología Vegetal
Biología Molecular
Genética

Sus antecedentes:

El sorgo es un cultivo resistente al clima, vital para las regiones áridas.
La salinidad del suelo representa una amenaza significativa para la productividad de los cultivos.
El empalme alternativo (AS) es un mecanismo clave de respuesta al estrés en las plantas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el papel de la retención de intrones (IR) en la tolerancia a la sal del sorgo.
Analizar los cambios del transcriptoma en el sorgo bajo estrés salino.
Identificar genes específicos regulados por AS durante el estrés por salinidad.

Principales métodos:

Análisis del transcriptoma de tres cultivares de sorgo bajo estrés salino.
Cuantificación y análisis de eventos de empalme alternativo, centrándose en la retención de intrones.
Análisis de la expresión génica de genes que responden al estrés salino.

Principales resultados:

La retención de intrones constituyó más del 70% de todos los eventos de empalme alternativo.
Varios eventos de retención de intrones se vincularon con genes que responden al estrés salino.
Se observaron cambios mediados por AS en los genes de fosfatasa de trehalosa-fosfato 6 (TPP6) y transportador de casete de unión a ATP (ABC).

Conclusiones:

La retención de intrones juega un papel crucial en la adaptación del sorgo al estrés salino.
La regulación por AS de las vías de los transportadores TPP6 y ABC mejora la tolerancia a la sal.
El empalme alternativo es un mecanismo vital para mejorar la resiliencia de los cultivos al estrés.

Palabras clave:

Empalme alternativo Gen expresado diferencialmente Estrés salino Sorgo Análisis de transcripción

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