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Uso de Metacaolín como Componente Potenciador en Cemento Supersulfatado: Una Evaluación Exhaustiva

Xu Wang¹, Xiaowei Gu¹, Shenyu Wang¹

¹School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center of Smart Water and Resource Environment, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Liaoning Institute of Technological Innovation in Solid Waste Utilization, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.

Environmental research

|February 7, 2026

Resumen

La adición de metacaolín (MK) al cemento supersulfatado (SSC) aumenta significativamente la resistencia temprana. Se logra un rendimiento óptimo con un 25 % en peso de MK, mejorando la hidratación y la microestructura para obtener propiedades mecánicas mejoradas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia de los materiales
Ingeniería civil
Geoquímica

Sus antecedentes:

El cemento supersulfatado (SSC) es un aglutinante alternativo sostenible.
Mejorar el desarrollo de la resistencia temprana del SSC es crucial para aplicaciones prácticas.
El metacaolín (MK) es un material cementicio suplementario (SCM) reactivo.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto del contenido de metacaolín (MK) en la hidratación, reología y propiedades mecánicas del cemento supersulfatado (SSC).
Determinar la dosis óptima de MK para mejorar la resistencia temprana y la microestructura del cemento supersulfatado con metacaolín (MSSC).
Elucidar los mecanismos de hidratación y la evolución de fases influenciadas por la adición de MK.

Principales métodos:

Variación sistemática del contenido de MK (0-30 % en peso) en formulaciones de SSC.
Evaluación de la termodinámica de la hidratación, fluidez y tiempo de fraguado.
Caracterización exhaustiva utilizando técnicas como XRD, FTIR, TG-DTG y SEM-EDS.
Pruebas de propiedades mecánicas, incluida la resistencia a la compresión en edades tempranas y posteriores.

Principales resultados:

La adición de MK acelera la hidratación temprana al proporcionar sitios de nucleación.
El contenido óptimo de MK del 25 % en peso produjo mejoras significativas en las resistencias a la compresión temprana y a los 28 días (hasta un 208,87 % del control).
La actividad puzolánica del MK promueve la formación de etringita (AFt) y C-(A)-S-H, refinando la estructura de los poros.
El exceso de MK (30 % en peso) redujo la resistencia debido a la limitada disponibilidad de portlandita.

Conclusiones:

Se identifica el 25 % en peso de MK como la dosis óptima para mejorar el rendimiento del SSC, particularmente la resistencia temprana.
La adición de MK influye positivamente en la cinética de hidratación y la microestructura del SSC.
Los hallazgos respaldan el uso de MK como un SCM eficaz para materiales cementicios sostenibles con resistencia temprana mejorada.

Palabras clave:

Impacto ambiental Rendimiento de la hidratación Metacaolín Mecanismo de fortalecimiento Cemento supersulfatado

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