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Riesgo a Largo Plazo de Mortalidad y Morbilidad Sistémica en el Glaucoma Neovascular: Un Estudio de Cohorte

Ryan Margolis¹, Pranav Vasu², Syril K Dorairaj³

¹Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, New York, United States.

Ophthalmology. Glaucoma

|February 7, 2026

Abstracto

Purpose:

To evaluate long-term systemic risks associated with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) using a large, real-world dataset from the TriNetX Research Network.

Design:

Retrospective Cohort Study SUBJECTS: Adults > 40 years old with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were compared based on whether they did or did not subsequently develop NVG.

Methods:

Patients were propensity score matched 1:1 based on demographics and comorbidities. Outcomes were assessed at 1, 5, and 10 years using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis compared outcomes in NVG+PDR versus CRVO+NVG. NVG patients were also compared to a cataract control cohort.

Main Outcome Measures:

Risk of all-cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and deep-vein thrombosis (DVT).

Results:

Patients with PDR who developed NVG had a higher long-term risk than PDR alone, including elevated 10-year mortality (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.14-1.57) and ESRD (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.67). Among patients with CRVO, development of NVG increased 10-year mortality (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.17-2.20) and stroke (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.19-2.90), while MI and ESRD were not significantly different. DVT risk was not significantly different. Subgroup comparison showed that PDR-NVG had higher 10-year risk of mortality (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.17-2.07), MI (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.13-3.32), and ESRD (HR 4.04, 95% CI 2.43-6.73) compared with CRVO-NVG. Compared with cataract control at 10 years, NVG was associated with higher risks of mortality (HR 2.66, 95% CI 2.40-2.94), stroke (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.85-2.54), MI (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.60-2.23), and ESRD (HR 3.34, 95% CI 2.89-3.88).

Conclusions:

NVG itself appears to add systemic risk beyond underlying PDR or CRVO, suggesting that the onset of NVG may represent a critical breakpoint in the spectrum of systemic vascular disease. Our results highlight the importance of coordinated ophthalmic and multispecialty care at the time of diagnosis.

Palabras clave:

Enfermedad Renal Terminal Infarto de Miocardio Glaucoma Neovascular Accidente Cerebrovascular TriNetX

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