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Patrones y factores que afectan las prácticas de automedicación entre pacientes con dermatofitosis en el sur de la

Archana Karunagaran¹, Sandhiya Dhandapani¹, Saritha Mohanan¹

¹Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Kathirkamam, Puducherry, India.

Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology

|February 8, 2026

Resumen

Los pacientes con dermatofitosis en la India muestran una tasa de automedicación del 36,8%, utilizando principalmente cremas antifúngicas tópicas. Este estudio investiga los comportamientos y patrones de automedicación para comprender los factores que contribuyen a la resistencia a los antifúngicos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Dermatología
Salud Pública
Farmacología

Sus antecedentes:

La dermatofitosis es una preocupación creciente en la India, exacerbada por la resistencia a los antifúngicos.
La automedicación es un presunto impulsor de esta resistencia, pero los datos sobre las prácticas de los pacientes son limitados.
Este estudio aborda la brecha de conocimiento sobre los comportamientos de automedicación en pacientes con dermatofitosis.

Objetivo del estudio:

Determinar el comportamiento de automedicación entre los pacientes diagnosticados con dermatofitosis.
Identificar los factores que predicen la automedicación en este grupo de pacientes.
Describir los patrones y métodos comunes de automedicación empleados por los pacientes con dermatofitosis.

Principales métodos:

Se empleó un diseño de estudio de casos y controles, reclutando pacientes con dermatofitosis como casos y aquellos con otras afecciones cutáneas como controles.
Los datos recopilados incluyeron la frecuencia de automedicación, detalles clinicodemográficos y patrones específicos de automedicación.
La información se registró sistemáticamente utilizando un proforma prediseñado para todos los participantes.

Principales resultados:

De 171 pacientes con dermatofitosis y 207 controles, el 36,8% de los pacientes con dermatofitosis informaron de automedicación, significativamente mayor que el 9,2% en el grupo de control (P<0,001).
La crema antifúngica tópica surgió como el medicamento más utilizado para la autotratamiento.
No se observaron diferencias significativas en las tasas de automedicación en las diferentes etapas de la dermatofitosis (naïve, crónica, recurrente, recidivante).

Conclusiones:

La tasa de automedicación entre los pacientes con dermatofitosis en este estudio es menor que la informada previamente en otras regiones de la India.
Se recomienda una mayor investigación en diversas áreas geográficas de la India para explorar las variaciones regionales en la prevalencia de la automedicación.
La comprensión de estas diferencias geográficas puede arrojar luz sobre los factores localizados que contribuyen a los patrones de resistencia a los antifúngicos.

Palabras clave:

Resistencia a los antifúngicos Dermatofitosis crónica Dermatofitosis Abuso de esteroides tópicos por automedicación

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