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Uso de la interacción humano-robot para evaluar el reconocimiento de emociones en pacientes en diálisis: un estudio

Concetta De Pasquale¹, Maria Luisa Pistorio², Helene Høgsdal³

¹Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.

Asian journal of psychiatry

|February 8, 2026

Resumen

Este estudio encontró que la edad y la alexithimia (dificultad para identificar emociones) alteran significativamente el reconocimiento de emociones en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). Los robots humanoides muestran potencial para detectar estos cambios en el procesamiento socioemocional.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología
Interacción Humano-Computadora
Nefrología

Sus antecedentes:

La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) afecta numerosos sistemas fisiológicos, lo que puede impactar el procesamiento cognitivo y emocional.
La evaluación de déficits socioemocionales en poblaciones médicamente vulnerables requiere metodologías innovadoras y sensibles.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la relación entre factores psicológicos (alexithimia, ansiedad, depresión) y el reconocimiento multimodal de emociones en pacientes con ERC.
Evaluar la utilidad de un robot humanoide como herramienta novedosa para evaluar el reconocimiento de emociones en esta población.

Principales métodos:

Un estudio observacional transversal que involucró a 60 pacientes adultos con ERC en diálisis.
El reconocimiento de emociones se evaluó utilizando expresiones faciales de Ekman, videoclips dinámicos y un robot humanoide NAO.
Los factores psicológicos se midieron utilizando escalas validadas para alexithimia (TAS-20), ansiedad (GAD-7) y depresión (PHQ-9).

Principales resultados:

La edad y la alexithimia predijeron negativamente el reconocimiento de emociones, particularmente en tareas basadas en video y robot.
La ansiedad predijo positivamente el reconocimiento de la felicidad y el miedo en tareas faciales estáticas.
El reconocimiento de emociones basado en robots estuvo influenciado por la edad y la duración de la diálisis.

Conclusiones:

La alexithimia y la edad son factores clave en la reducción del reconocimiento de emociones en pacientes con ERC.
Los robots socialmente asistenciales ofrecen una vía prometedora para detectar alteraciones sutiles del procesamiento socioemocional en grupos de pacientes vulnerables.
Los hallazgos respaldan futuras investigaciones longitudinales que integren evaluaciones tecnológicas y psicológicas para mejorar la atención al paciente.

Palabras clave:

Alexithimia Psicología clínica Pacientes en diálisis Robots sociales

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