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Evaluación del espectro e intensidad de la luz para el rendimiento reproductivo de pavos hembras reproductoras
Clara J Ziezold1, Grégoy Y Bédécarrats1
1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Poultry science
|February 8, 2026
Resumen
Los programas de iluminación para pavos hembras son cruciales para la producción. La luz roja o blanca a alta o baja intensidad no afectó la producción general de huevos, pero sí influyó en el momento de la oviposición y la calidad del huevo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Reproducción aviar
- Ciencia avícola
- Fisiología ambiental
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ciclos reproductivos de los pavos hembras son cortos, lo que requiere un manejo ambiental eficaz, especialmente los programas de iluminación.
- A menudo se utiliza una alta intensidad de luz para mejorar el rendimiento, pero la evidencia científica es limitada.
- La luz roja puede estimular el eje reproductivo en especies aviares, pero los efectos de la intensidad requieren aclaración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto del espectro de luz roja (R) o blanca (W) a alta (H) o baja (L) intensidad en los parámetros reproductivos de pavos hembras.
- Determinar si la alta intensidad de luz es esencial para optimizar el rendimiento reproductivo.
- Investigar cómo el espectro y la intensidad de la luz influyen en los patrones de oviposición y la calidad del huevo.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron 402 pavos hembras Hybrid Converter en una instalación comercial.
- Las pavas fueron expuestas a diferentes espectros de luz (roja o blanca) e intensidades (alta o baja) a partir de las 19 semanas de edad.
- Se monitorizaron los parámetros reproductivos desde las 30 hasta las 60 semanas de edad, incluida la producción de huevos, el momento de la oviposición y el peso del huevo.
Principales resultados:
- El tratamiento lumínico no afectó los niveles de estradiol ni la producción acumulada de huevos.
- Los tratamientos de alta intensidad y luz roja sincronizaron los patrones de oviposición, lo que resultó en más huevos puestos durante el pico diario.
- La luz de baja intensidad aumentó el peso del huevo, con una tendencia a aumentar el peso corporal y el peso de la almohadilla de grasa abdominal.
Conclusiones:
- Una alta intensidad de luz puede no ser necesaria para optimizar el rendimiento reproductivo de los pavos hembras.
- El espectro y la intensidad de la luz se pueden manipular para sincronizar el momento de la oviposición y mejorar la calidad del huevo.
- Estos hallazgos ofrecen oportunidades para estrategias de manejo específicas para reproductores en la producción de pavos.
Palabras clave:
Producción de huevosirradianciamanejo de la iluminaciónpavo reproductorlongitud de ondaMás Videos Relacionados
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