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La vaginoplastia puede empeorar los síntomas de vejiga hiperactiva (VH) y reducir la calidad de vida en mujeres transgénero, particularmente en pacientes mayores y aquellas que reciben vaginoplastia con colgajo peritoneal (PFV). El impacto general en los síntomas de VH parece ser limitado.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Urología
  • Cirugía de afirmación de género
  • Resultados informados por el paciente

Sus antecedentes:

  • La vejiga hiperactiva (VH) es una afección caracterizada por urgencia urinaria, a menudo con frecuencia y nicturia.
  • La vaginoplastia es un componente clave de la cirugía de afirmación de género para mujeres transgénero.
  • El impacto de la vaginoplastia en los síntomas preexistentes de vejiga hiperactiva requiere una mayor investigación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar los cambios en los síntomas de vejiga hiperactiva después de la vaginoplastia en mujeres transgénero.
  • Identificar los posibles factores de riesgo asociados con el empeoramiento de los síntomas de VH después de la cirugía.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo de 53 mujeres transgénero sometidas a vaginoplastia.
  • Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Vejiga Hiperactiva Forma Corta (OAB-q SF) antes y después de la cirugía.
  • Se analizaron los cambios en las puntuaciones de Molestia por Síntomas y Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS), estratificados por edad y tipo de vaginoplastia.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) después de la vaginoplastia (p=0.020).
  • Los pacientes de mayor edad (44-71 años) experimentaron el empeoramiento más significativo de la molestia por los síntomas (p=0.020) y la CVRS (p=0.008).
  • La vaginoplastia con colgajo peritoneal (PFV) se asoció con una disminución significativa de la CVRS (p=0.023).

Conclusiones:

  • La vaginoplastia puede provocar un aumento de los síntomas de vejiga hiperactiva y una reducción de la calidad de vida en mujeres transgénero.
  • La edad avanzada y la PFV se identifican como factores de riesgo para la exacerbación de los síntomas.
  • La importancia clínica de estos cambios justifica un estudio adicional, ya que los efectos generales pueden ser limitados.