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Expresión de S100 y estado de SDHB definen subconjuntos biológicos distintos de paraganglioma vesical

Huili Li¹, Andres Matoso¹

¹Department of Pathology, Oncology, and Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Human pathology

|February 8, 2026

Resumen

Los paragangliomas vesicales son tumores raros. La positividad difusa de S100 es un desafío diagnóstico común, mientras que la pérdida de SDHB indica un mayor potencial metastásico en estos tumores neuroendocrinos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Uropatología
Tumores Neuroendocrinos
Inmunohistoquímica

Sus antecedentes:

El paraganglioma vesical es un tumor neuroendocrino excepcionalmente raro.
El diagnóstico y pronóstico precisos son cruciales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Caracterizar las características clinicopatológicas, los patrones inmunofenotípicos y los resultados de los paragangliomas vesicales.
Evaluar la significación diagnóstica y pronóstica de la inmunohistoquímica de S100, SOX10 y SDHB.

Principales métodos:

Análisis retrospectivo de 110 paragangliomas vesicales diagnosticados entre 2000 y 2025.
Revisión clinicopatológica detallada y análisis inmunohistoquímico (S100, SOX10, SDHB).

Principales resultados:

Casi la mitad de los tumores mostraron positividad difusa de S100, lo que causó confusión diagnóstica.
SOX10 se restringió consistentemente a las células de sostén.
La pérdida de SDHB (14,5%) se relacionó con una edad más temprana, sexo masculino, ausencia de S100 difuso y enfermedad metastásica.
Los tumores positivos para S100 conservaron SDHB y parecieron menos agresivos.
La pérdida de SDHB identificó un subconjunto de mayor riesgo con un potencial metastásico incrementado (el 20% desarrolló metástasis).

Conclusiones:

La positividad difusa de S100 es una dificultad diagnóstica frecuente en el paraganglioma vesical.
La positividad de S100 puede correlacionarse con SDHB intacto y un fenotipo menos agresivo.
La pérdida de SDHB es un marcador de mayor riesgo metastásico en el paraganglioma vesical.

Palabras clave:

S100 SDHB metástasis paraganglioma vejiga urinaria

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