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Hidrogel multifuncional sonocatalítico remodela in situ el microambiente infeccioso para erradicar la osteomielitis

Xinzi He¹, Yaping Li², Zhihui Xiang¹

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Precision Research and Therapy, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang, China.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

|February 8, 2026

Resumen

Un novedoso hidrogel activado por ultrasonidos combate la osteomielitis resistente a los antibióticos generando especies reactivas de oxígeno y regulando el microambiente. Esta innovadora terapia reduce eficazmente la carga bacteriana y el daño óseo en un modelo de rata.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia de Biomateriales
Nanotecnología
Terapia de Enfermedades Infecciosas

Sus antecedentes:

La osteomielitis presenta desafíos debido a la resistencia de las biopelículas a los antibióticos, la hipoxia y la inflamación.
Los tratamientos existentes luchan por superar eficazmente estas barreras multifactoriales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar una plataforma multifuncional para el tratamiento de la osteomielitis.
Integrar la terapia sonodinámica, la regulación del oxígeno y la inmunomodulación para una mayor eficacia.

Principales métodos:

Fabricación de nanoenzimas MIL-101(Fe)@ZnO con camuflaje de membrana de macrófagos.
Incorporación en una matriz de perfluorocarbono enriquecida en oxígeno e hidrogel.
Activación por ultrasonidos para catálisis sinérgica, generación de ROS y liberación de oxígeno.

Principales resultados:

El hidrogel demostró una profunda penetración de biopelículas y una reducción significativa de la carga bacteriana.
El tratamiento suprimió las respuestas inflamatorias y las cascadas de citoquinas proinflamatorias.
Se observó una mitigación eficaz de la erosión ósea en un modelo de rata de osteomielitis inducida por SARM.

Conclusiones:

La plataforma de hidrogel desarrollada ofrece un enfoque mínimamente invasivo para el tratamiento de la osteomielitis.
Erradica eficazmente las infecciones y reprograma el microambiente para la regeneración ósea.
Esta estrategia es prometedora para el manejo de infecciones óseas refractarias.

Palabras clave:

Tratamiento antibacteriano Regulación inmunitaria Microambiente infeccioso Osteomielitis Hidrogel multifuncional sonocatalítico

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