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El conocimiento y la experiencia del personal médico en la práctica de enfermería especializada en unidades de
MengJuan Jing1, XiaoJing Wei1, ChunPeng Li1
1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care Nursing, Zhengzhou, China.
Frontiers in health services
|February 9, 2026
Resumen
Las enfermeras especialistas son vitales en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI), mejorando la calidad de la atención y el crecimiento profesional. Sin embargo, problemas sistémicos como roles poco claros y límites de recursos dificultan su práctica, lo que requiere mejoras en el flujo de trabajo y las políticas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermería Enfermería
- Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada de Enfermería.
- Gestión de la Gestión de la Atención Médica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enfermeras especialistas son cruciales para el avance de las enfermeras registradas a roles de práctica avanzados y para abordar los desafíos de la atención médica.
- Existen brechas significativas en la capacitación y implementación de enfermeras especializadas en China, a pesar de más de dos décadas de programas.
- Problemas sistémicos como roles no definidos, falta de posiciones y autoridad limitada impiden la práctica clínica de las enfermeras especialistas en China.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar las percepciones y experiencias de los profesionales de la salud sobre la práctica de enfermeras especializadas en UCI.
- Identificar las funciones, impactos y desafíos de las enfermeras especialistas en el entorno de la UCI.
- Recopilar sugerencias para mejorar la práctica de enfermería especializada.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio descriptivo cualitativo en una UCI de 25 camas en el centro de China.
- Se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas para recopilar datos de 18 enfermeras y 3 médicos con más de un año de experiencia en UCI.
- Se empleó un muestreo intencional para reclutar participantes.
Principales resultados:
- Las enfermeras especialistas son percibidas como una fuerza versátil y central dentro de la UCI.
- Desempeñan un papel clave en liderar las mejoras de la calidad de la enfermería y la transformación profesional.
- Los participantes identificaron los desafíos y expresaron su deseo de seguir vías de crecimiento profesional.
Conclusiones:
- Las enfermeras especialistas son fundamentales en la enfermería de UCI, impulsando la calidad y el desarrollo profesional.
- Las barreras sistémicas, incluidas las limitaciones de recursos y la ambigüedad de roles, restringen su potencial.
- La optimización de los flujos de trabajo, la clarificación de los roles y la implementación de reformas de políticas son esenciales para el avance de la práctica de enfermería especializada a nivel mundial.
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