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Salto robótico mejorado por hipogravidez inducida por empuje, logrando saltos precisos, predecibles y extendidos

Zijie Sun¹, Jianguo Zhao¹, Yangmin Li²

¹Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Nature communications

|February 9, 2026

Resumen

Este estudio presenta un robot bípedo que utiliza hipogravidez inducida por empuje y control de trayectoria para mejorar los saltos. Esta tecnología de salto robótico logra un mayor alcance y precisión en entornos dinámicos.

Palabras clave:

robótica biomimética ingeniería mecánica locomoción robótica salto robótico hipogravidez inducida por empuje control de trayectoria entornos dinámicos

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Área de la Ciencia:

Robótica
Biomimética
Ingeniería Mecánica

Sus antecedentes:

La investigación sobre saltos robóticos tiene como objetivo mejorar la navegación en entornos no estructurados.
Lograr saltos precisos y predecibles en entornos dinámicos sigue siendo un desafío de ingeniería importante.
La gravedad terrestre requiere actuadores potentes y diseños ligeros para saltos robóticos altos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un robot bípedo capaz de saltos precisos, predecibles y de largo alcance en entornos dinámicos.
Superar las limitaciones de los sistemas actuales de salto robótico en términos de alcance y adaptabilidad.
Avanzar en los campos de la ingeniería y la biomimética a través de la novedosa locomoción robótica.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó un robot bípedo que emplea hipogravidez inducida por empuje.
Se implementó la regulación dual de la actitud aérea y la trayectoria parabólica mediante la vectorización del empuje.
Se probó la capacidad del robot para superar obstáculos como escaleras, muros y arroyos, y para navegar en escenarios dinámicos.

Principales resultados:

Se logró un rango máximo de salto de 6.9 metros, superando las limitaciones de fuerza de las piernas.
Se superaron escaleras de varios niveles, un muro de 2.35 metros y un arroyo de 3 metros.
Se demostró un control preciso de la distancia de salto, lo que permite la navegación a través de ventanas de movimiento rápido y sobre objetivos cambiantes.

Conclusiones:

La hipogravidez autogenerada y la regulación de la trayectoria parabólica mejoran significativamente las capacidades de salto robótico.
El sistema de salto robótico desarrollado ofrece un alcance, precisión y previsibilidad extendidos para entornos dinámicos.
Esta investigación allana el camino para robots más adaptables y capaces en escenarios complejos del mundo real.