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Clasificación de escenas de alto rendimiento en imágenes de teledetección utilizando una arquitectura CNN profunda

Ahmed M Abdelmonem1, Mohamed Maher Ata2, Abdelhamied A Atey3

  • 1Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.

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Una novedosa arquitectura de red neuronal convolucional (CNN) destaca en la clasificación de imágenes de teledetección. Este modelo eficiente logra una alta precisión e incorpora técnicas de explicabilidad para una mejor comprensión.

Palabras clave:
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Visión por Computadora
  • Teledetección
  • Aprendizaje Automático

Sus antecedentes:

  • La categorización precisa de imágenes multiclase es crucial para el análisis de datos de teledetección.
  • Los modelos de redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) existentes enfrentan desafíos para equilibrar la precisión, la eficiencia y la interpretabilidad para estas tareas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir una arquitectura CNN novedosa, ligera y eficiente para la categorización de imágenes multiclase en teledetección.
  • Mejorar la interpretabilidad del modelo utilizando Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) y Class Activation Mapping (CAM).
  • Evaluar el rendimiento y la generalización del modelo en diversos conjuntos de datos de teledetección.

Principales métodos:

  • Desarrollo de un marco CNN híbrido adaptado para la clasificación de imágenes de teledetección.
  • Evaluación en los conjuntos de datos NWPU-RESISC45 y UC Merced Land Use.
  • Integración de SHAP y CAM para la interpretabilidad del modelo.
  • Comparación con cinco modelos CNN populares preentrenados.

Principales resultados:

  • La arquitectura CNN propuesta logró una alta precisión (0.9428 en NWPU-RESISC45, 0.93 en UC Merced) y superó a los modelos existentes.
  • Logró un recall competitivo (0.94, 0.94), precisión (0.95, 0.94), IoU (0.89, 0.86) y puntuaciones F1 (0.94, 0.93).
  • Demostró tiempos de entrenamiento eficientes (3,692 s para NWPU-RESISC45, 559 s para UC Merced) con un uso manejable de la memoria de la GPU.

Conclusiones:

  • La novedosa arquitectura CNN ofrece una solución convincente para la comprensión de imágenes de teledetección, equilibrando el rendimiento, la eficiencia y la interpretabilidad.
  • Las técnicas de explicabilidad integradas (SHAP, CAM) mejoran la fiabilidad del modelo.
  • La generalización del modelo en diversos conjuntos de datos confirma su robustez para diversas aplicaciones de teledetección.