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El microbioma perioperatorio de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de cáncer rectal: un estudio piloto
Kiedo Wienholts1,2,3, Claire P M van Helsdingen4,5,6,7, Henry M Wood8,9
1Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Resumen
Los cambios perioperatorios en el microbioma intestinal en pacientes con cáncer rectal muestran un aumento de enterococos y estreptococos, con una diversidad reducida después de la cirugía. Los antibióticos preoperatorios impactan aún más la composición y diversidad del microbioma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología y Gastroenterología.
- Oncología Quirúrgica Oncología Quirúrgica.
- Investigación del microbioma Investigación del microbioma.
Sus antecedentes:
- El microbioma intestinal es vital para la salud y la enfermedad, influyendo en los resultados quirúrgicos.
- La fuga anastomótica (LA) es una complicación postoperatoria significativa en la cirugía del cáncer rectal.
- Los estudios en humanos sobre la dinámica del microbioma intestinal perioperatorio son limitados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los cambios perioperatorios en el microbioma fecal de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de cáncer rectal.
- Para generar hipótesis sobre el papel del microbioma intestinal en los resultados quirúrgicos.
- Explorar el impacto de los antibióticos preoperatorios en el microbioma perioperatorio.
Principales métodos:
- Se estudiaron 17 pacientes sometidos a resección rectal por cáncer maligno.
- Se recogieron muestras de heces preoperatorias y postoperatorias; también se obtuvieron muestras intraoperatorias de tejido colónico y hisopos.
- El ADN bacteriano fue analizado utilizando la secuenciación genética del ARNr 16S.
Principales resultados:
- Las muestras postoperatorias mostraron un aumento de Enterococcus y Streptococcus en comparación con las muestras preoperatorias / intraoperatorias.
- La diversidad alfa disminuyó significativamente en el postoperatorio.
- El análisis de la diversidad beta reveló un agrupamiento distinto de las muestras postoperatorias de heces e ileostomía; los antibióticos preoperatorios alteraron el microbioma intraoperatorio y redujeron la diversidad postoperatoria.
Conclusiones:
- Se producen cambios significativos en el microbioma intestinal perioperatorio en pacientes con cáncer rectal.
- La dinámica del microbioma debe considerarse en los estudios perioperatorios.
- Se necesitan estudios más amplios para confirmar estos hallazgos preliminares y establecer relaciones causales con los resultados.
Palabras clave:
El microbioma es el microbioma.Cambios perioperatorios Cambios perioperatorios Cambios perioperatorioscomplicaciones postoperatorias.cáncer de recto cáncer de recto.cirugía cirugía cirugía cirugía cirugía cirugíaMás Videos Relacionados
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