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Suplementación de vitamina D en la infancia: una revisión sistemática revisada
Francis B Mimouni1,2, Aviad Agam3, Iris Arad4,5
1The Department of Pediatrics, Leumit Health Services, and the Leumit Research Institute.
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
Se recomienda la suplementación universal de vitamina D para los bebés para prevenir la deficiencia y apoyar la salud ósea. Las dosis más altas o la suplementación extendida pueden ser necesarias para los grupos en riesgo, pero la evidencia de beneficios no esqueléticos aún se está desarrollando.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La pediatría es la medicina de los niños.
- Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La suplementación infantil de vitamina D es crucial para el desarrollo esquelético.
- La dosificación óptima y la variabilidad de la población siguen siendo áreas de investigación en curso.
- La evidencia emergente explora los efectos no esqueléticos de la vitamina D.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente las pruebas recientes sobre la suplementación de vitamina D en bebés.
- Para evaluar las estrategias de dosificación óptimas y la variabilidad de la población.
- Evaluar los efectos no esqueléticos emergentes y las brechas en la práctica clínica.
Principales métodos:
- Evaluación sistemática de ensayos aleatorizados recientes y metanálisis.
- Centrarse en estudios que aborden la dosificación, los factores de la población y los resultados no esqueléticos.
- Análisis de la evidencia para traducir los hallazgos en políticas y prácticas.
Principales resultados:
- 400 UI diarias de vitamina D mantienen niveles adecuados en la mayoría de los bebés sanos.
- Las dosis más altas (600-1200 UI) pueden ser necesarias para los bebés en riesgo.
- La evidencia de beneficios no esqueléticos (inmunológicos, respiratorios) no es concluyente; se ha observado heterogeneidad.
Conclusiones:
- Se apoya la suplementación universal de vitamina D infantil para prevenir la deficiencia y garantizar la salud esquelética.
- Los beneficios de las dosis más altas o la suplementación post-infancia son inciertos.
- Se necesita más investigación sobre la relación dosis-respuesta, la seguridad a largo plazo y los efectos sistémicos.
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