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Ansiedad en el lupus de inicio infantil: detección de síntomas de ansiedad longitudinal
Samanda Valente Soto1, Stacy P Ardoin2, Alana Goldstein-Leever3
1The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Lupus
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
Los síntomas de ansiedad son comunes en el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LESc) de inicio infantil. La ansiedad y la depresión se asociaron significativamente en pacientes con LESc, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de realizar exámenes de salud mental de rutina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Reumatología Pediátrica.
- Lupus eritematoso sistémico con inicio en la infancia (LSEc)
- Salud Mental en Enfermedades Crónicas.
Sus antecedentes:
- El lupus eritematoso sistémico de inicio infantil (cSLE) se asocia con frecuencia con afecciones de salud mental, lo que afecta el manejo de la enfermedad y la calidad de vida.
- La ansiedad es una preocupación prevalente en pacientes pediátricos con LES cS.
- Comprender los factores asociados con la ansiedad es crucial para una atención efectiva del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar la prevalencia de los síntomas de ansiedad en pacientes con LESc.
- Investigar la asociación entre los resultados de las pruebas de detección de ansiedad y los factores demográficos, clínicos, de tratamiento y sociales.
- Para evaluar estas asociaciones longitudinalmente.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis retrospectivo de 76 pacientes con LESc (≥12 años) utilizando registros electrónicos de salud.
- Síntomas de ansiedad evaluados utilizando la escala de trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (GAD-7) (puntuación ≥10 considerada significativa).
- Evaluación longitudinal de las asociaciones entre las puntuaciones de GAD-7 y las características clínicas, informadas por el paciente y sociales.
Principales resultados:
- El 47% de los pacientes con LESc experimentaron ansiedad leve, y el 21% experimentó ansiedad moderada a severa.
- No se encontró asociación entre las características clínicas basales (lupus nefritis, dosis de glucocorticoides) y la ansiedad.
- Se observó una asociación longitudinal significativa entre la ansiedad y la depresión, pero no con la actividad de la enfermedad, el uso de esteroides, el dolor, la función física o los factores sociales.
Conclusiones:
- Los síntomas de ansiedad son muy frecuentes en niños y adolescentes con LESc.
- La ansiedad y la depresión están significativamente asociadas en esta cohorte.
- Se recomienda la detección de ansiedad de rutina para los pacientes pediátricos con lupus, independientemente de la actividad de la enfermedad o el tratamiento.
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