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Compensaciones sistemáticas de fijación a escala de minutos de arco en pacientes con daño temprano de la corteza
Ashley M Clark1,2,3, Sanjana Kapisthalam1,4,5, Matthew R Cavanaugh6,7,8
1Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences and Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
Journal of vision
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
La ceguera inducida corticalmente (CB) altera sutilmente los movimientos oculares, causando un desplazamiento de la mirada hacia el campo ciego durante la fijación pasiva. Sin embargo, el control de la fijación sigue siendo preciso y adaptable en pacientes con CB, incluso con daño en la corteza visual.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Oftalmología Oftalmología.
- Ciencias visuales Ciencias visuales.
Sus antecedentes:
- La ceguera cortical inducida (CIC) por accidente cerebrovascular daña la corteza visual, causando déficits significativos en el campo visual.
- Se sabe que la CB afecta el comportamiento oculomotor a gran escala, pero su efecto en la fijación afinada es menos entendido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las alteraciones sutiles en el comportamiento oculomotor de fijación en pacientes con ceguera inducida corticalmente (CB).
- Para determinar si la dinámica oculomotora y la precisión de fijación se ven afectadas por el daño temprano de la corteza visual.
Principales métodos:
- Empleó seguimiento ocular de alta precisión para monitorear el comportamiento de la mirada en pacientes con CB y controles de edad igualada.
- Evaluar el comportamiento oculomotor fijacional durante la fijación pasiva y una tarea central de alta agudeza.
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes con CB exhibieron un desplazamiento constante y pequeño de la mirada hacia su campo ciego durante la fijación pasiva.
- Esta compensación desapareció durante una tarea central de alta agudeza, lo que indica un control dependiente del contexto.
- La precisión de fijación y la dinámica oculomotora subyacente (microsacadas, deriva ocular) fueron comparables entre los pacientes con CB y los controles.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema oculomotor adulto se adapta dinámicamente a la entrada visual asimétrica después de un daño cortical.
- Las compensaciones fijacionales de la mirada en CB pueden representar cambios de atención o reequilibrio compensatorio.
- El daño temprano de la corteza visual no impide el control dependiente del contexto de la fijación en la edad adulta.
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