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Percepciones de las partes interesadas de un programa de cribado basado en el lugar de trabajo para mineros
A M Malhotra1,2, F Kavenga3, R T Ncube4
1The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe (THRU-Zim), Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
Los mineros artesanales y de pequeña escala (ASM) necesitan exámenes de salud específicos para enfermedades como la tuberculosis y el VIH. La colaboración con los líderes de ASM redujo las barreras, mostrando que la detección en el lugar de trabajo es un modelo viable para esta población vulnerable.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud ocupacional y salud en el trabajo.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Salud global La salud global.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los mineros artesanales y de pequeña escala (ASM) se enfrentan a altas tasas de tuberculosis (TB), VIH, silicosis y exposiciones tóxicas.
- Las intervenciones de atención médica dirigidas para los ASM siguen siendo limitadas a pesar de las cargas significativas para la salud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las percepciones de ASM y las partes interesadas de una intervención de cribado de salud de 5 años en Zimbabwe.
- Identificar las barreras, los facilitadores y las futuras necesidades de atención médica para los ASM.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo discusiones de grupos focales (FGD) con 31 participantes, incluidos ASM, personal de atención médica, académicos y partes interesadas nacionales.
- Los participantes compartieron experiencias y comprensión de las actividades de detección de salud y los futuros requisitos de atención médica.
Principales resultados:
- Los ASM percibieron el cribado de salud como beneficioso, con los temores iniciales y el estigma superados a través de la colaboración de liderazgo.
- Las principales prioridades futuras incluyen una lista de verificación de detección de salud, un mejor acceso a la información, salud ocupacional descentralizada y paquetes integrales de salud.
- La colaboración intersectorial entre la minería, la salud y las partes interesadas nacionales es crucial.
Conclusiones:
- El cribado y la atención de salud dirigidos son esenciales para la población descuidada de ASM.
- La detección en el lugar de trabajo proporciona un modelo, pero la expansión a otros lugares y problemas de salud es necesaria para llegar a todos los ASM.
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