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Carcinoma de mama metaplástico: Correlación radiológica y patológica

Ashley C Bragg1, Ravinder S Legha1, Qingqing Ding2

  • 1Department of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of breast imaging
|February 10, 2026
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El carcinoma metaplástico de mama (MBC) es un cáncer de mama raro y agresivo de triple receptor negativo. Los hallazgos de imágenes son inespecíficos, a menudo imitan tumores benignos, lo que requiere una cuidadosa evaluación radiológica y patológica.

Palabras clave:
pecho EE.UU. el pecho EE.UU.patología de la mama patología de la mamaLa mamografía es una mamografía.El carcinoma de mama metaplástico es un carcinoma de mama metaplástico.El cáncer de mama triple negativo.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Oncología Oncología.
  • Radiología Radiología.
  • Patología Patología Patología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El carcinoma de mama metaplástico (MBC) es una malignidad rara y agresiva caracterizada por la diferenciación epitelial en componentes mesenquimales y / o escamosos.
  • Es típicamente un cáncer de mama invasivo negativo de triple receptor (TNBC) con hallazgos de imágenes inespecíficos.
  • MBC a menudo se presenta como una masa más grande en mujeres posmenopáusicas, con una mayor incidencia de metástasis distantes, pero menos frecuente la participación de nódulos axilares.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar la definición patológica, la presentación clínica y las características por imágenes del carcinoma de mama metaplástico.
  • Para resaltar el diagnóstico diferencial de MBC, haciendo hincapié en su potencial para imitar las lesiones benignas de mama.
  • Subrayar la importancia de considerar el MBC en el diagnóstico diferencial, particularmente con hallazgos clínicos específicos.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de las características patológicas que definen el MBC.
  • Análisis de hallazgos de imágenes características a través de mamografía, ultrasonido (EE.UU.) y imágenes de resonancia magnética (IRM).
  • Discusión de la presentación clínica y comparación con los cánceres de mama no-MBC.

Principales resultados:

  • La mamografía típicamente muestra masas circunscritas; las características espiculadas son menos comunes que en no-MBC.
  • La ecografía a menudo revela masas sólidas con espacios quísticos (necrosis).
  • La resonancia magnética puede mostrar masas hiperintensas T2 con mejora del aro; los hallazgos pueden imitar tumores benignos.

Conclusiones:

  • Los radiólogos deben incluir MBC en el diagnóstico diferencial para las masas mamarias con características de imagen no específicas, especialmente en mujeres posmenopáusicas con hallazgos palpables.
  • El diagnóstico patológico preciso en la biopsia del núcleo puede ser un desafío debido a la heterogeneidad de MBC.
  • El carcinoma metaplástico de mama está asociado con un peor pronóstico a largo plazo en comparación con otros cánceres de mama invasivos, incluidos otros TNBC.