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FedGSCA: Aprendizaje Federado Médico con Selector de Muestras Global y Ajustador Adaptativo del Cliente bajo la
IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
El aprendizaje federado (FL) se enfrenta a desafíos con datos médicos ruidosos. Nuestro marco FedGSCA mejora la robustez mediante la agregación de conocimientos sobre el ruido y el ajuste adaptativo de la capacitación del cliente, superando los métodos existentes en escenarios de ruido complejos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La inteligencia artificial es inteligencia artificial.
- Imágenes médicas de imágenes médicas.
- Aprendizaje automático Aprendizaje automático.
Sus antecedentes:
- Federated Learning (FL) permite la clasificación colaborativa de imágenes médicas mientras protege la privacidad de los datos.
- El ruido de etiqueta de la variabilidad de los datos causa inestabilidad y degradación del rendimiento en los modelos FL.
- Los métodos FL actuales luchan con el ruido heterogéneo y los datos médicos desequilibrados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer FedGSCA, un nuevo marco para mejorar la robustez en el ruidoso FL médico.
- Para abordar la heterogeneidad del ruido y mejorar la estabilidad del modelo global.
- Para mitigar el impacto de los datos ruidosos y evitar el exceso de ajuste en la capacitación local.
Principales métodos:
- FedGSCA utiliza un selector de muestras global para agregar el conocimiento de ruido a través de los clientes.
- Se desarrolla un mecanismo de ajuste adaptativo del cliente (CAA), que incorpora pseudoetiquetado adaptativo y pérdida de etiquetado de crédito robusto.
- CAA se ajusta dinámicamente a las distribuciones de clase, incluye muestras minoritarias y gestiona las etiquetas ruidosas considerando múltiples etiquetas plausibles.
Principales resultados:
- FedGSCA fue evaluado en diapositivas de colon del mundo real y conjuntos de datos médicos sintéticos bajo diversas condiciones de ruido.
- El marco demostró un rendimiento superior en comparación con los métodos de última generación, particularmente en escenarios de ruido extremo y heterogéneo.
- FedGSCA mejoró significativamente la estabilidad del modelo y el manejo del ruido complejo.
Conclusiones:
- FedGSCA ofrece una solución robusta para el aprendizaje federado médico ruidoso.
- El marco propuesto maneja efectivamente la heterogeneidad del ruido y el desequilibrio de datos.
- FedGSCA es muy adecuado para aplicaciones de FL médicas del mundo real que requieren alta precisión y estabilidad.
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