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Explorando el significado y el establecimiento de la relación terapéutica en fisioterapia a través de la práctica

Eduardo Alba-Pérez¹, Óscar Rodríguez-Nogueira^1,2, María José Álvarez-Álvarez^1,2

¹Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, Universidad de León, Ponferrada, León, Spain.

Clinical rehabilitation

|February 10, 2026

Resumen

Los fisioterapeutas ven la relación terapéutica como central para el cuidado del paciente, construida sobre la confianza y un enfoque inicial amistoso. Sin embargo, a menudo falta un proceso estructurado para desarrollar este vínculo crucial paciente-terapeuta en la práctica clínica.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de la Rehabilitación Ciencias de la Rehabilitación.
Psicología Clínica Psicología clínica.
Estudios Profesionales de la Salud Estudios Profesionales de la Salud

Sus antecedentes:

La relación terapéutica es una piedra angular de la atención efectiva del paciente.
Comprender las perspectivas de los fisioterapeutas es crucial para optimizar los resultados de los pacientes.
Investigaciones anteriores han explorado varias facetas de la alianza terapéutica en el cuidado de la salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

Explorar las perspectivas de los fisioterapeutas sobre el significado y el establecimiento de la relación terapéutica.
Identificar los elementos clave que contribuyen a la formación y mantenimiento del vínculo paciente-terapeuta.
Informar estrategias para mejorar la relación terapéutica en la práctica de la fisioterapia.

Principales métodos:

Estudio cualitativo que emplea la investigación de acción participativa dentro de un paradigma constructivista.
Recopilación de datos a través de grupos focales y diarios de reflexión con fisioterapeutas.
Análisis temático de los datos transcritos para identificar las categorías clave.

Principales resultados:

Surgieron seis categorías: significado, importancia, propósito, establecimiento, bidireccionalidad y entorno de la relación terapéutica.
Los fisioterapeutas hacen hincapié en el acompañamiento y la confianza como elementos centrales de la relación.
El contacto inicial con el paciente y un enfoque cordial son vitales para establecer el vínculo terapéutico.

Conclusiones:

Las percepciones de los fisioterapeutas de la relación terapéutica se traducen directamente en la práctica clínica.
La relación terapéutica se basa fundamentalmente en la confianza y una presencia de apoyo.
Existe una necesidad reconocida de enfoques estructurados para fomentar el desarrollo continuo de la relación terapéutica.

Palabras clave:

El estudio cualitativo es un estudio cualitativo.atención centrada en el paciente.los fisioterapeutas y los fisioterapeutas.práctica reflexiva de las prácticas reflejas.La relación terapéutica es una relación terapéutica.

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