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La Presencia Es Realidad: Repensando la Conciencia del Mundo Virtual y del Mundo Real
Oliver Singleton1, Aikaterini Fotopoulou1
1Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology Research Department, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London.
Resumen
La presencia y la realidad no son experiencias distintas sino continuas, desafiando las definiciones tradicionales. La realidad virtual (VR) puede ayudar a estudiar el sentido de la realidad y sus trastornos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Cognitivas Ciencias Cognitivas.
- Realidad Virtual (VR) Investigación Investigación de la realidad virtual (VR)
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- El sentido de la presencia (sentir "allí") y el sentido de la realidad (discriminar entre lo real y lo irreal) a menudo se tratan como separados.
- La literatura existente muestra el uso inconsistente e intercambiable de estos términos en la ciencia cognitiva y los estudios de realidad virtual.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desafiar la dicotomía entre la presencia y la realidad.
- Proponer que la presencia y la realidad son fenómenos continuos.
- Integrar las teorías perceptivas y cognitivas de la presencia.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión y síntesis de la ciencia cognitiva y la literatura de realidad virtual.
- Identificación de hallazgos psicofísicos convergentes en la integración multisensorial, la autoencarnación y la agencia.
- Análisis de los datos preliminares de neuroimagen.
Principales resultados:
- La presencia y la realidad comparten continuidad conceptual, mecanicista y fenomenológica.
- Es probable que los mecanismos integradores sustenten tanto la presencia como la realidad.
- La evidencia convergente existe en la integración multisensorial, la autoencarnación y la agencia.
- La neuroimagen preliminar sugiere un sustrato neuronal frontolímbico compartido para la "realidad".
Conclusiones:
- La presencia y la realidad deben ser vistas como continuas, no dicotómicas.
- La realidad virtual (VR) es una herramienta válida para estudiar el sentido de la realidad y los trastornos clínicos relacionados.
- La investigación futura debe comparar directamente la presencia y la realidad para probar la equivalencia funcional y neural.
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