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El conjunto de comunidades microbianas centrales impulsa la mitigación de los gases de efecto invernadero en los

Ao Xu¹, Zhenkun Liu¹, Dawen Gao¹

¹Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.

Journal of environmental management

|February 10, 2026

Resumen

La optimización de los ciclos de inundación y drenaje en los humedales construidos por flujo de marea (TFCW) mejora las comunidades microbianas para una mejor eliminación de contaminantes y mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI). Un régimen de 20h/4h logró una eliminación de nitrógeno del 90% y redujo las emisiones de GEI.

Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología Ambiental y Microbiología Ambiental.
Los ecosistemas de las zonas húmedas.
Ciclos biogeoquímicos y ciclos biogeoquímicos.

Sus antecedentes:

Comprender el ensamblaje microbiano en los humedales construidos por flujo de marea (TFCW) es crucial para optimizar la eliminación de contaminantes y la mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI).
Las brechas de conocimiento actuales impiden una dirección efectiva del microbioma en estos sistemas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el impacto de las diferentes inundaciones y drenaje (F / D) de duración en la eliminación de nitrógeno, la mitigación de GEI, y los mecanismos metabólicos microbianos en TFCW.
Identificar un régimen óptimo de F/D para el tratamiento de aguas superficiales contaminadas.

Principales métodos:

Sistemas TFCW establecidos con diferentes duraciones de F/D (22h/2h, 21h/3h, 20h/4h, 19h/5h).
Eficiencia de eliminación de nitrógeno monitoreada y emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (CO2, N2O, CH4).
Se analizó la estructura de la comunidad microbiana y las vías metabólicas.

Principales resultados:

Un régimen de 20h/4h F/D reconfiguró significativamente el núcleo microbiano, logrando un 90% de eliminación total de nitrógeno y un potencial de calentamiento global de 107 mg CO2-eq/m2/h.
Este régimen mejoró la heterogeneidad del hábitat, promoviendo una red de co-ocurrencia microbiana estable y enriqueciendo los taxones clave (por ejemplo, Nitrospira, Thauera, Candidatus Brocadia).
La cooperación microbiana optimizada suprimió la producción de óxido nitroso y facilitó la oxidación del metano.

Conclusiones:

Las comunidades microbianas se adaptan a los regímenes hidráulicos mediante la reestructuración de las interacciones, manteniendo la funcionalidad del ecosistema.
Un período de inundación moderadamente acortado (20h/4h) es efectivo para la optimización integrada de la eliminación de nitrógeno y el control de GEI en TFCW.
Los hallazgos proporcionan orientación para el diseño y la gestión de humedales construidos para la remediación ambiental.

Palabras clave:

Red ecológica red ecológica.Los gases de efecto invernadero son gases de efecto invernadero.Un conjunto de microbios.La remediación de aguas residuales.

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