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Síncope en un paciente con compresión ventricular derecha por pectus excavatum severo: un informe de caso

Matthew J Christensen¹, Jennifer Foti¹

¹Naval Medical Center San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California.

Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine

|February 10, 2026

Resumen

El pectus excavatum severo (PEX) puede causar síncope debido a la compresión ventricular derecha. Este caso destaca el PEX y la anemia como posibles causas de síncope cuando se descartan otras condiciones.

Área de la Ciencia:

Cardiología Cardiología.
Cirugía torácica cirugía torácica.
Diagnóstico médico Diagnóstico médico

Sus antecedentes:

Pectus excavatum (PEX) es una deformidad torácica congénita común.
El PEX severo puede comprimir el corazón y los grandes vasos sanguíneos, lo que lleva a síntomas como síncope.
El síncope por compresión del ventrículo derecho en PEX es raro pero impactante.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para informar de un raro caso de síncope causado por un pectus excavatum severo.
Para enfatizar la importancia de considerar las anomalías de la pared torácica en el diagnóstico de síncope.

Principales métodos:

Un informe de caso de una mujer de 18 años que presentaba síncope.
El trabajo de diagnóstico incluyó estudios neurológicos, metabólicos, cardíacos y de imágenes.
Los hallazgos clave incluyeron PEX grave con preocupación por la compresión ventricular derecha y la anemia por deficiencia de hierro.

Principales resultados:

Se excluyeron las causas estándar de síncope.
El PEX severo fue identificado como un posible contribuyente al evento sincopal.
La anemia por deficiencia de hierro también se observó como un posible factor contribuyente.

Conclusiones:

Pectus excavatum puede causar una distorsión significativa de la morfología cardíaca y síncope.
El síncope en este caso fue probablemente multifactorial, involucrando PEX, anemia y cambios posturales.
Se recomendó la evaluación quirúrgica para el manejo definitivo de PEX.

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