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Análisis en red de grupos de síntomas entre pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar: un estudio transversal
Hanhan Kong1, Chang Liu1, Xiao Wang1
1Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518112, China.
BMC infectious diseases
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
Los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar (TBP) presentan cuatro grupos principales de síntomas. La dificultad para dormir, la fatiga, la falta de apetito y la pérdida de peso se identifican como los principales síntomas de PTB que requieren un manejo específico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación médica Investigación médica.
- Psicología Clínica Psicología clínica.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar (TBP) presentan síntomas complejos y concurrentes que afectan el manejo de la enfermedad.
- Comprender los grupos de síntomas y sus interrelaciones es vital para una atención efectiva de la PTB.
- Este estudio tuvo como objetivo mapear la red de síntomas e identificar los síntomas principales en pacientes chinos con PTB para intervenciones precisas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Mapear la red de síntomas en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar.
- Identificar los síntomas principales y los grupos de síntomas para intervenciones específicas.
- Mejorar las estrategias de manejo para pacientes con PTB en China.
Principales métodos:
- El muestreo de conveniencia reclutó a 356 pacientes con PTB del Tercer Hospital Popular de Shenzhen (noviembre de 2024 - abril de 2025).
- Los datos recopilados a través de un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la Escala de Evaluación de los Síntomas del Memorial (MSAS-C).
- El análisis exploratorio de factores identificó grupos de síntomas; el análisis de redes con centralidad de fuerza identificó síntomas centrales.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron cuatro grupos de síntomas: deficiencia nutricional, relacionados con la inflamación, molestias somáticas y síntomas del sistema respiratorio.
- Estos grupos explicaron el 54,76% de la variación total en los síntomas.
- Los síntomas principales identificados por la centralidad de la fuerza incluyen dificultad para dormir, fatiga, falta de apetito y pérdida de peso.
Conclusiones:
- Los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar presentan cuatro grupos de síntomas distintos.
- La dificultad para dormir, la fatiga, la falta de apetito y la pérdida de peso se identifican como síntomas principales.
- Se recomienda un manejo dirigido que priorice estos síntomas centrales, con la necesidad de futuros estudios longitudinales y herramientas específicas de PTB.
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