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Conocimientos, actitudes y percepciones hacia el cribado prematrimonial entre estudiantes universitarios de pregrado
Delwar Hossain1, Mohammed Mohsin2,3, Sadia Tasnuva Jahan2
1Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, Chittagong-4318, Bangladesh.
BMC public health
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
Los estudiantes de pregrado en Bangladesh muestran un conocimiento deficiente pero actitudes positivas hacia el cribado prematrimonial (PMS). Se recomiendan intervenciones educativas para mejorar la comprensión y promover comportamientos preventivos de salud para las enfermedades hereditarias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Genética La genética.
- Educación médica y educación médica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El cribado prematrimonial (PMS) es vital para prevenir enfermedades hereditarias y de transmisión sexual, especialmente en regiones con alta consanguinidad y prevalencia de trastornos genéticos.
- La talasemia y las hemoglobinopatías son endémicas en Bangladesh, sin embargo, el entrenamiento prematrimonial sigue siendo poco investigado.
- Este estudio evalúa el conocimiento, las actitudes y las percepciones (KAP) del síndrome premenstrual entre los estudiantes de pregrado en el sureste de Bangladesh.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el KAP de los estudiantes de pregrado con respecto al síndrome premenstrual en el sureste de Bangladesh.
- Identificar los factores que influyen en los conocimientos, actitudes y percepciones hacia el síndrome premenstrual.
- Informar el desarrollo de estrategias específicas de educación en salud.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio transversal analítico que involucró a 844 estudiantes de pregrado de cuatro universidades en Chattogram, Bangladesh.
- Muestreo de clúster en múltiples etapas a través de las disciplinas de ciencia, negocios y humanidades.
- Datos recopilados a través de entrevistas cara a cara utilizando un cuestionario estructurado; analizados utilizando regresión logística multivariada.
Principales resultados:
- Solo el 22,5% de los estudiantes poseía un buen conocimiento del síndrome premenstrual; sin embargo, las actitudes (89,2%) y las percepciones (95,7%) eran muy positivas.
- Los estudiantes de ciencias demostraron un conocimiento significativamente mejor que los estudiantes de humanidades (AOR = 1.67).
- Las mujeres (AOR = 0,61) y los estudiantes con padres consanguíneos (AOR = 0,64) tenían menos probabilidades de tener buenos conocimientos.
Conclusiones:
- Los estudiantes de pregrado en el sureste de Bangladesh exhiben una brecha de conocimiento con respecto al síndrome premenstrual, a pesar de las actitudes y percepciones positivas.
- La integración de la formación prematrimonial en los planes de estudio universitarios es crucial.
- Los programas basados en la comunidad y los medios de comunicación pueden mejorar aún más el conocimiento y promover comportamientos preventivos de salud.
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