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La microbiota de los viajes: una nueva frontera en la medicina de los viajes que explora los cambios microbianos
Pooja Tiwary1, Krishil Oswal1, Nikolay T Tzvetkov2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, 411038, India.
Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines
|February 10, 2026
Resumen
Los viajes internacionales alteran significativamente la microbiota humana, introduciendo el concepto de "microbiota de viaje". Comprender estos cambios en todos los modos de transporte es clave para la salud de los viajes y la prevención de la propagación de enfermedades.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Viajes Medicina Medicina.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los viajes globales han aumentado, aumentando los riesgos de transmisión de enfermedades.
- Los viajes exponen a las personas a diversos entornos, lo que afecta su microbioma saludable.
- El concepto de "microbiota viajera" describe los cambios en las comunidades microbianas humanas debido a los viajes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar el impacto de los viajes en la microbiota humana.
- Para resaltar las diferencias en los cambios de la microbiota a través de varios modos de transporte.
- Establecer un marco para comprender la salud de los viajes y el papel de la microbiota en la gestión de riesgos.
Principales métodos:
- Búsqueda de literatura en Google Scholar, PubMed y Science Direct. también en línea.
- Palabras clave incluidas: disbiosis, intestino, salud, microbioma, microbiota, patógenos, viajes, transporte.
- No hay límites de fecha de publicación, centrándose en los informes a partir de 2015.
Principales resultados:
- Los viajes tienen un profundo impacto en la microbiota humana a través de las carreteras, las vías aéreas y el transporte marítimo.
- Los viajes actúan como una interfaz de intercambio microbiano, impulsando cambios en la diversidad y la resistencia genética.
- Los mecanismos subyacentes que impulsan estas alteraciones de la microbiota siguen sin estar claros.
Conclusiones:
- Los viajes son un determinante poco reconocido de la variabilidad del microbioma, denominado "microbiota de viaje".
- Comprender los cambios en la microbiota inducidos por los viajes es crucial para el desarrollo de intervenciones.
- La investigación futura debe centrarse en estudios longitudinales para evaluar los efectos de los viajes y desarrollar medidas preventivas.
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