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Esperanza de vida en espina bífida abierta.

Robert M Shavelle1, Matthew K Paige1, Jordan C Brooks1

  • 1Life Expectancy Project, San Francisco, CA, USA.

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La esperanza de vida para las personas con espina bífida abierta (OSB) varía significativamente según la edad, el sexo y las capacidades funcionales. Las tasas de supervivencia han mejorado en los últimos 30 años, mostrando una tendencia positiva para los pacientes con OSB.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La investigación médica es la investigación médica.
  • Salud pública La salud pública.
  • Neurología pediátrica neurología pediátrica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La espina bífida abierta (OSB) es una condición congénita compleja que afecta la salud y la supervivencia de por vida.
  • Estimar la esperanza de vida es crucial para el cuidado del paciente, la asignación de recursos y la comprensión de los resultados a largo plazo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Proporcionar estimaciones actualizadas de la esperanza de vida de las personas con OSB.
  • Estratificar estas estimaciones por factores demográficos, funcionales y relacionados con el deterioro.
  • Para analizar las tendencias en la supervivencia en las últimas décadas.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de extensos datos de 1659 personas con OSB en California (1986-2019).
  • Cálculo de las tasas de mortalidad empíricas y modelado de regresión logística para las tasas específicas de cohorte.
  • Construcción de tablas de vida para obtener cifras de esperanza de vida.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observaron variaciones significativas en la supervivencia en función del estado ambulatorio, la capacidad de alimentación y la continencia intestinal / de la vejiga.
  • Ejemplo: A la edad de 5 años, la esperanza de vida oscilaba entre 27 años adicionales para los varones con discapacidad grave a 65 años para los varones con discapacidad mínima, frente a 70 en la población general.
  • Se identificó y incorporó a los cálculos una tendencia secular modesta de aproximadamente un 1% de disminución anual en la mortalidad.

Conclusiones:

  • La esperanza de vida en espina bífida abierta es muy variable, influenciada por la edad, el sexo, la gravedad de la discapacidad y la continencia.
  • Las tasas de supervivencia para las personas con OSB han mejorado de manera demostrable en los últimos 30 años.