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Enfermedad por deposición de cadena ligera pulmonar aislada
Manogna Pendyala1, Pranathi Bandarupalli1, Purnoor Kaur1
1Internal Medicine, St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, USA.
European journal of case reports in internal medicine
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
La enfermedad por deposición de cadena ligera es una rara afección pulmonar. El diagnóstico precoz requiere una alta sospecha, especialmente en pacientes autoinmunes, y la biopsia confirma el diagnóstico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Pulmonología Pulmonología.
- Reumatología Reumatología.
- Nefrología Nefrología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La afectación pulmonar es común en las enfermedades autoinmunes, presentándose como enfermedad pulmonar intersticial, enfermedad pulmonar quística, hipertensión pulmonar o enfermedad pleural.
- La enfermedad por deposición de cadena ligera (LCDD) es una manifestación rara de enfermedades autoinmunes que afectan a los pulmones.
- Este caso pone de relieve los desafíos de diagnóstico y la variabilidad en la presentación de LCDD pulmonar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reportar un caso de enfermedad pulmonar por deposición de cadena ligera.
- Para enfatizar la importancia de considerar la LCDD en pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes y hallazgos pulmonares inexplicables.
- Discutir las consideraciones de diagnóstico y manejo para esta condición rara.
Principales métodos:
- Un informe de caso de una mujer de 55 años con síndrome de Sjögren y antecedentes de cáncer de tiroides.
- La tomografía computarizada (TC) y la tomografía por emisión de positrones/TC (PET/CT) se utilizaron para la vigilancia y evaluación de nódulos y quistes pulmonares.
- Se realizó una biopsia pulmonar para el diagnóstico definitivo.
Principales resultados:
- Las imágenes revelaron nódulos pulmonares progresivos y grandes neumatoceles.
- La biopsia pulmonar confirmó la deposición monotípica de cadena ligera de kappa con infiltración de células plasmáticas, diagnosticando LCDD.
- El paciente permaneció asintomático a pesar de la progresión radiográfica y fue administrado de manera conservadora.
Conclusiones:
- La LCDD pulmonar es una condición rara y poco reconocida que requiere una alta sospecha clínica.
- Los hallazgos de imágenes como la enfermedad pulmonar quística y los nódulos justifican la consideración de la LCDD, particularmente en pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes.
- La biopsia es esencial para el diagnóstico, y el manejo es individualizado debido a la falta de directrices.
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