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Melanotrichoblastoma diagnosticado erróneamente como carcinoma de células basales: un informe de caso
Meng Zhang1, Ruiqi Chu1, Shengni Zhang1
1Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Frontiers in medicine
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
El Melanotrichoblastoma (MTB) es un tumor benigno raro que imita el carcinoma basocelular (BCC). La histopatología, específicamente la ausencia de hendiduras de retracción, es crucial para el diagnóstico preciso y el manejo adecuado de esta neoplasia folicular.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Dermatopatología y Dermatopatología.
- Oncología Oncología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El Melanotrichoblastoma (MTB) es un tumor adnexal benigno excepcionalmente raro.
- MTB exhibe la diferenciación folicular.
- Las características clínicas y dermoscópicas de MTB pueden imitar el carcinoma de células basales pigmentadas (BCC), lo que lleva a un diagnóstico erróneo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar los desafíos de diagnóstico planteados por el Melanotrichoblastoma (MTB).
- Para enfatizar la importancia de la diferenciación histopatológica entre MTB y el carcinoma de células basales (BCC).
Principales métodos:
- Presentación del caso de un hombre de 51 años con un nódulo de larga data.
- Evaluación clínica y dermoscópica de la lesión.
- Examen histopatológico del tumor extirpado.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente se presentó con un nódulo azul-negro de crecimiento lento en el canto derecho.
- La dermoscopia sugirió BCC, pero la histopatología reveló nidos dérmicos bien demarcados de células basaloides.
- La ausencia de hendiduras de retracción fue una característica distintiva clave de BCC.
- La lesión fue extirpada por completo sin recurrencia después de dos años.
Conclusiones:
- Melanotrichoblastoma (MTB) presenta un desafío de diagnóstico debido a su similitud con BCC.
- La histopatología es el estándar de oro para diferenciar MTB de BCC.
- La ausencia de hendiduras de retracción es una pista de diagnóstico crítica para el MTB.
- Una mayor conciencia y un diagnóstico preciso son esenciales para el manejo adecuado de la MTB.
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