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Escleritis nodular posterior en un paciente leucémico: un informe de caso

Charifa Moussaddykine¹, Laure Van Bol¹, Joachim Van Calster²

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.

Case reports in ophthalmology

|February 11, 2026

Resumen

Este informe de caso detalla la escleritis nodular posterior (NPS) en un paciente leucémico después de la quimioterapia. El tratamiento mostró una regresión parcial de los hallazgos oculares, destacando la necesidad de una investigación exhaustiva en pacientes inmunocomprometidos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Oftalmología Oftalmología.
Hematología Hematología.
Inmunología Inmunología.

Sus antecedentes:

La escleritis posterior nodular (ESN) es una rara enfermedad ocular inflamatoria.
Los pacientes leucémicos sometidos a quimioterapia y al injertos son susceptibles a diversas complicaciones, incluidas las enfermedades inflamatorias oculares.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para describir un caso desafiante de escleritis nodular posterior en un paciente leucémico.
Discutir las estrategias de diagnóstico y manejo de NPS en individuos inmunocomprometidos.

Principales métodos:

Informe de caso de observación.
Ultrasonido de modo B ocular y resonancia magnética cerebral.
Vitrectomía con biopsia del vítreo.
Investigaciones sistémicas y tratamiento con corticosteroides tópicos, inyecciones intravítreas y antibióticos sistémicos.

Principales resultados:

El paciente se presentó con pérdida unilateral de la visión y dolor.
Las imágenes revelaron escleritis posterior con un nódulo escleral, desprendimiento exudativo de retina (ERD) y desprendimiento coroideo seroso (SCD).
El tratamiento condujo a una regresión completa de la SCD y a una regresión parcial del nódulo y la ERD.

Conclusiones:

La escleritis posterior nodular puede ocurrir en pacientes con leucemia después de la quimioterapia y el alogestión.
La evaluación sistémica y potencialmente la vitrectomía con biopsia subretinal son cruciales para las etiologías inciertas en pacientes inmunosuprimidos.

Palabras clave:

El desprendimiento coroidal.Desprendimiento exudativo de retina.La leucemia es una leucemia.La escleritis posterior es una escleritis posterior que se desarrolla en la parte posterior de la espalda.El nódulo escleral es un nódulo escleral.

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