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Granuloma ocular inducido por trematodos en niños del sur de la India
S R Rathinam1, Jeya Kohila1, Sundar Balagiri2
1Uveitis Service, Aravind Eye Hospital and PG. Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian journal of ophthalmology
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
Los granulomas oculares pediátricos en la India son causados por infecciones de trematodos, no por tuberculosis. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento tempranos son cruciales para obtener resultados visuales favorables en los niños afectados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oftalmología Oftalmología.
- Parasitología Parasitología.
- La pediatría es la medicina de los niños.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los granulomas oculares, anteriormente denominados "tuberculos conglomerados", afectan a niños en el sureste de la India.
- Estas lesiones fueron inicialmente diagnosticadas erróneamente como tuberculosas, pero ahora se identifican como enfermedades oculares trematódicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las características epidemiológicas, geográficas y clínicas de los granulomas oculares pediátricos debido a la infección por trematodos.
- Investigar las características de los granulomas inducidos por trematodes en niños.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión retrospectiva de los expedientes médicos de pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados con granuloma ocular entre 1997 y 2017.
- Análisis descriptivo de los datos recopilados de los pacientes.
Principales resultados:
- 269 niños diagnosticados con granuloma trematode (216 niños, 53 niñas; edades 3-16).
- La mayoría de los casos se originaron en Tamil Nadu; 171 fueron tratados médicamente, 98 quirúrgicamente.
- Se observó un pronóstico visual favorable cuando el eje visual no se vio afectado.
Conclusiones:
- El granuloma ocular inducido por trematodos es una condición parasitaria específica en niños de áreas endémicas, a menudo vinculada a cuerpos de agua contaminados.
- La identificación etiológica precisa es vital para el manejo eficaz y la prevención de la pérdida de visión.
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