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La eliminación condicional de Isl1 altera el desarrollo sensorial y neuronal coclear, lo que lleva a la pérdida de
Lenka Gmiterkova1, Mitra Tavakoli1,2, Kateryna Pysanenko3
1Institute of Biotechnology CAS, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czechia.
Molecular neurobiology
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
El factor de transcripción ISL1 es esencial para el desarrollo neurosensorial coclear adecuado. Su pérdida altera la estructura del oído interno, afecta el desarrollo de las neuronas auditivas y compromete la función auditiva en ratones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo coclear y los mecanismos de formación neurosensorial no se comprenden completamente.
- Los factores de transcripción juegan un papel crítico en la orientación del desarrollo embrionario.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar las funciones espacio-temporales de los factores de transcripción NEUROD1 e ISL1 en el desarrollo neurosensorial coclear del ratón.
- Investigar el impacto de la deleción de ISL1 en el ganglio espiral y la organización del epitelio sensorial.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó modelos de ratón de eliminación condicional (de ambos sexos) con Atoh1Cre.
- Se realizó una deleción genética dirigida de Neurod1 e Isl1 durante el desarrollo coclear.
- Se evaluó la estructura coclear, la organización del epitelio sensorial, la morfología de los ganglios espirales y la función auditiva.
Principales resultados:
- La eliminación de Neurod1 no tuvo un efecto significativo en la estructura coclear ni en la audición.
- La deleción de ISL1 interrumpió la organización del epitelio sensorial, lo que condujo a células ciliadas internas ectópicas y células ciliadas externas supernumerarias.
- La pérdida de ISL1 causó una morfología anormal de los ganglios espirales, una densidad neuronal reducida, una inervación deteriorada y una migración neuronal defectuosa.
- La función auditiva se vio comprometida, con umbrales elevados de respuesta auditiva del tronco cerebral y deterioro del procesamiento acústico.
Conclusiones:
- ISL1 es un regulador crucial del desarrollo neurosensorial coclear.
- La deficiencia de ISL1 conduce a defectos tanto celulares como no celulares en las neuronas auditivas.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan el papel esencial de ISL1 en el desarrollo de las neuronas auditivas y la estructura coclear.
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