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Interfaz dinámica de ánodo/cátodo-electrolito inducida a través de la evolución de polímeros para baterías de litio

Wanru Lin1, Kang Zhou1, Chao Yang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.

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PubMed
Resumen

Una novedosa interfaz artificial (MAF) estabiliza las baterías de litio metálico al prevenir simultáneamente el crecimiento de dendritas de litio y la distorsión de las partículas del cátodo. Esta interfaz de copolímero mejora la estabilidad del ciclado tanto para las celdas simétricas de Li||Li como para las celdas Li||LFP/NCM811.

Palabras clave:
baterías de litio metálicointerfaz de electrolito sólidocrecimiento de dendritasestabilidad del cátodocopolímeros

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales; Electroquímica; Tecnología de baterías

Sus antecedentes:

  • La ingeniería de la interfaz de electrolito sólido (SEI) es crucial para la ciclabilidad de las baterías de litio metálico (LMB).; Se necesita la estabilización simultánea del ánodo y el cátodo de Li para superar las limitaciones de rendimiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar una interfaz artificial bifuncional para LMB que aborde tanto el crecimiento de dendritas de Li como la distorsión de las partículas del cátodo.; Investigar la evolución dinámica y las contribuciones de la interfaz durante el ciclado de la batería.

Principales métodos:

  • Copolimerización de anhídrido maleico (MA) y acrilato de hexafluorobutilo (HFA) para crear la interfaz MAF en el ánodo de Li.; Pruebas electroquímicas de celdas simétricas Li||Li, celdas Li||LiFePO4 (LFP) y celdas Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811).

Principales resultados:

  • La capa MAF forma una SEI híbrida con un interior inorgánico y un exterior polimérico, promoviendo un plateado uniforme de Li+.; Los oligómeros fluorados en la MAF maduran dinámicamente la interfaz cátodo-electrolito (CEI) rica en LiF.; Las celdas simétricas Li||Li ciclaron durante más de 900 horas; las celdas Li||LFP y Li||NCM811 mostraron una retención de capacidad del 90,2% y 80,6% después de 1500 y 350 ciclos, respectivamente.

Conclusiones:

  • La interfaz MAF suprime eficazmente el crecimiento de dendritas de Li y la degradación del cátodo en las LMB.; La evolución dinámica de la interfaz es clave para mejorar la estabilidad del ciclado a largo plazo y el rendimiento en las LMB de alta energía.