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La asistencia a la universidad o universidad históricamente negra y la cognición en los adultos negros
Marilyn D Thomas1,2,3, Carol Wei2, Min Hee Kim4
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
JAMA network open
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
Asistir a un colegio o universidad históricamente negro (HBCU) está vinculado a una mejor función cognitiva en la vida posterior para los adultos negros en comparación con las instituciones predominantemente blancas (PWI). Estos beneficios cognitivos se observaron en diferentes períodos históricos de la educación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Sociología Sociología Sociología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los colegios y universidades históricamente negros (HBCU) pueden ofrecer ventajas cognitivas únicas a largo plazo.
- Investigaciones anteriores no han evaluado ampliamente esta asociación en una muestra nacional de adultos negros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre asistir a una HBCU versus una institución predominantemente blanca (PWI) y la salud cognitiva en la vida posterior entre adultos negros.
- Para analizar los resultados cognitivos en una cohorte nacional de individuos negros.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos del estudio Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS), una cohorte prospectiva de adultos estadounidenses mayores de 45 años.
- Se incluyeron participantes negros que asistieron a la universidad, analizando el tipo de universidad autoinformado (HBCU vs. PWI).
- Empleó regresión lineal con probabilidad inversa de ponderación del tratamiento para estimar diferencias cognitivas en la memoria, el lenguaje y la cognición global.
Principales resultados:
- La asistencia a HBCU se asoció con una memoria significativamente mejor (ATE, 0.13), lenguaje (ATE, 0.19) y cognición global (ATE, 0.22) en comparación con la asistencia a PWI.
- Estas asociaciones positivas fueron consistentes para las personas que asistieron a la universidad después de 1955.
- Si bien no son estadísticamente significativos, las tendencias sugieren beneficios para aquellos que asistieron a la universidad antes de 1955.
Conclusiones:
- La asistencia a un colegio o universidad históricamente negro se asocia con una función cognitiva mejorada en adultos negros envejecidos.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que la asistencia a HBCU proporciona beneficios cognitivos duraderos, independientemente de la era de la educación superior, incluidos los períodos de segregación.
- Este estudio pone de relieve el papel potencial de las HBCU en la promoción de la resiliencia cognitiva entre los adultos negros.
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