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Fotoinactivación solar rápida del virus de la gripe y Phi6 en aguas superficiales coloreadas
Claire E Anderson1, Mengyang Zhang1, Gang Zheng1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
La luz solar inactiva los virus envueltos como el virus de la influenza A (IAV) en el agua, especialmente en aguas de color. Esta fotoinactivación es crucial para comprender la transmisión del virus y desarrollar estrategias de salud pública.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología Ambiental Virología Ambiental
- La fotoquímica es la fotoquímica.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La transmisión acuática indirecta es clave para la propagación de la gripe y otros virus envueltos entre especies.
- El papel de la luz solar en la inactivación de los virus envueltos en el agua se entiende mal.
- Los virus envueltos representan riesgos significativos para la salud pública a través de las rutas de transmisión ambiental.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las tasas de fotoinactivación de virus envueltos (Phi6, virus de la influenza A - IAV) y no envueltos (MS2) en aguas superficiales.
- Para determinar la influencia del tipo de agua (clara vs. de color) y la irradiación UV en la inactivación viral.
- Aclarar los mecanismos que impulsan la inactivación viral mediada por la luz solar en entornos acuáticos.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron experimentos simulados de exposición a la luz solar en Phi6, IAV y MS2 en aguas superficiales claras y coloreadas.
- Se utilizaron ensayos de infectividad viral para medir las constantes de velocidad de desintegración corregidas por cribado de luz (
- Experimentos adicionales con Phi6 exploraron el papel de los radicales hidroxilo y la materia orgánica natural (NOM).
Principales resultados:
- Las tasas de fotoinactivación (
- La inactivación fue significativamente más rápida en agua coloreada que en agua clara, particularmente para IAV.
- En el agua de color, las tasas de inactivación eran en gran medida independientes de la irradiación UV, lo que sugiere que predominan las vías fotoquímicas indirectas.
Conclusiones:
- Los virus envueltos, incluido el virus de la influenza A, son susceptibles a la inactivación de la luz solar en entornos acuáticos.
- La materia orgánica disuelta coloreada mejora la fotoinactivación viral, probablemente a través de mecanismos fotoquímicos indirectos que involucran intermediarios reactivos como los radicales hidroxilo.
- Estos hallazgos son críticos para evaluar los riesgos asociados con la transmisión de virus transmitidos por el agua e informar las intervenciones de salud pública.
Palabras clave:
bacteriófago bacteriófagoLa inactivación indirecta es la inactivación indirecta.El virus de la gripe es el virus de la gripe.Las aguas naturales, las aguas naturales.La fotoinactivación es la fotoinactivación.Intermedios fotorreactivos intermedios fotorreactivos también se encuentran presentes.La luz del sol la luz del sol.
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