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Seguridad del ácido tranexámico en pacientes con melanoma en estadio III sometidos a disección de ganglios
Karoline Assifuah Kristjansen1,2, Camilla Mensel3, Marie Øbo Larsen1,3
1Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.
Melanoma research
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
El ácido tranexámico (TXA) es seguro para los pacientes con cirugía de melanoma. Este estudio no encontró un mayor riesgo de recurrencia, metástasis, eventos tromboembólicos o convulsiones cuando se usa TXA durante la disección de ganglios linfáticos para el melanoma en etapa III.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oncología Oncología.
- Oncología Quirúrgica Oncología Quirúrgica.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El ácido tranexámico (TXA) se explora para el tratamiento del melanoma, pero su seguridad en la cirugía del melanoma necesita evaluación.
- Los datos preclínicos sugieren riesgos potenciales como la propagación micrometastásica, lo que requiere una evaluación de la seguridad.
- Los datos existentes sobre la seguridad de TXA provienen principalmente de poblaciones quirúrgicas generales, no específicas para el melanoma.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la seguridad del ácido tranexámico perioperatorio (TXA) en pacientes sometidos a disección completa de ganglios linfáticos para el melanoma cutáneo en estadio III.
- Evaluar la asociación de la TXA con la recurrencia, los eventos tromboembólicos y las convulsiones en esta cohorte de pacientes.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis retrospectivo de 155 pacientes con melanoma cutáneo en estadio III sometidos a disección completa de ganglios linfáticos.
- La extracción de datos incluyó la demografía de los pacientes, la exposición a TXA, la recurrencia (local, regional, sistémica), los eventos tromboembólicos y las convulsiones.
- El análisis estadístico involucró modelos de peligros proporcionales de Cox específicos por causa y la prueba exacta de Fisher.
Principales resultados:
- De los 155 pacientes, 44 (28%) recibieron TXA. Las recurrencias ocurrieron en 87 pacientes (56%), con tasas similares entre los grupos expuestos y no expuestos a TXA.
- La TXA no se asoció con un mayor riesgo de recurrencia (HR 0,94, IC del 95%: 0,57-1,54) o patrones metastásicos alterados.
- No se encontró una asociación significativa entre el uso de TXA y el riesgo de eventos tromboembólicos o convulsiones.
Conclusiones:
- El ácido tranexámico perioperatorio (TXA) parece seguro en pacientes con melanoma en estadio III sometidos a disección completa de ganglios linfáticos.
- El uso de TXA no se relacionó con tasas más altas de recurrencia, metástasis, eventos tromboembólicos o convulsiones en esta población de estudio.
- Investigaciones adicionales pueden apoyar el papel de TXA en la cirugía de melanoma, a la espera de una validación de seguridad más amplia.
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