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Un estudio sobre la biocompatibilidad y la estabilidad del implante de los tornillos óseos de alumina y silicato de

Ying Zhang¹, Syed Mesum Raza Naqvi¹, Lisheng Sun²

¹College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China; Institute of Addictive Manufacturing (3D Printing), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials

|February 11, 2026

Resumen

Los nuevos tornillos óseos de cerámica de silicato de aluminio y magnesio, fabricados mediante impresión 3D, muestran una mayor resistencia y osteointegración. Estos tornillos avanzados son ideales para reparaciones óseas sin soporte de peso, ofreciendo un rendimiento superior a los materiales tradicionales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ingeniería de Biomateriales Ingeniería de Biomateriales
Ciencia de la cerámica Ciencia de la cerámica.
Fabricación aditiva La fabricación aditiva es la fabricación de aditivos.

Sus antecedentes:

Los tornillos óseos para sitios que no soportan peso requieren una fuerza moderada, alta osteointegración y un daño óseo mínimo.
Los tornillos metálicos y poliméricos actuales tienen limitaciones para cumplir con estos requisitos específicos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para diseñar y fabricar nuevos tornillos de hueso de cerámica compuesta de silicato de alumina y magnesio (Al2O3 / MgSiO3).
Evaluar las propiedades mecánicas, la biocompatibilidad y el rendimiento de estos tornillos para aplicaciones ortopédicas.

Principales métodos:

La tecnología de impresión 3D Digital Light Processing (DLP) fue empleada para la fabricación.
Se realizaron pruebas de compresión mecánica, mineralización in vitro, experimentos de cultivo celular, pruebas de condiciones de trabajo simuladas y análisis de elementos finitos.

Principales resultados:

El grupo de silicato de magnesio (MS15) al 15 por ciento de peso demostró un aumento del 222,9 por ciento en la resistencia a la compresión en comparación con la alúmina pura.
El grupo MS15 mostró una inducción de mineralización superior y proliferación/diferenciación de los osteoblastos.
El par de falla alcanzó 3,42 ± 0,42 N·m y la fuerza de extracción alcanzó 428,47 ± 10,80 N.
El diseño de hilos poco profundos redujo efectivamente la concentración de tensión.

Conclusiones:

Los tornillos óseos de cerámica compuesta de Al2O3/MgSiO3 exhiben una excelente resistencia mecánica y potencial de osteointegración.
Estos tornillos de cerámica impresos en 3D muestran una adaptabilidad prometedora y perspectivas de aplicación para sitios ortopédicos no portadores de peso.
Los tornillos desarrollados ofrecen una alternativa viable a los implantes metálicos y poliméricos.

Palabras clave:

Aluminio y silicato de magnesio.La biocompatibilidad.El tornillo para huesos.El análisis de elementos finitos.El rendimiento mecánico.

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