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Perfiles de riesgo del síndrome de Takotsubo asociado a drogas: un estudio de farmacovigilancia global

Samuel Chin Wei Tan¹, Kelly Jia Qi Loh¹, Zhao-Wei Yin²

¹Department of Cardiology, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine (Aerospace Center Hospital), Beijing, China.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)

|February 11, 2026

Resumen

El síndrome de Takotsubo se informa de manera desproporcionada con agentes catecolaminérgicos y otras clases de medicamentos, incluidos los inhibidores del punto de control inmunológico. Se necesitan más estudios para confirmar los riesgos y comprender los mecanismos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Farmacovigilancia y seguridad de los medicamentos.
Cardiología Cardiología.
Oncología Oncología.

Sus antecedentes:

El síndrome de Takotsubo (TTS) se ha relacionado con la exposición a drogas, pero falta una caracterización completa en todas las clases terapéuticas.
Comprender estas asociaciones es crucial para la seguridad del paciente y la práctica clínica.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la asociación entre varias clases de fármacos y el síndrome de Takotsubo utilizando datos espontáneos de farmacovigilancia.
Para cuantificar la desproporcionalidad de los informes para diferentes agentes terapéuticos.

Principales métodos:

Análisis retrospectivo de los datos del Sistema de Reporte de Eventos Adversos de la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos (FAERS) desde 2004 hasta el segundo trimestre de 2025.
Utilizó análisis de desproporcionalidad, incluidos los ratios de probabilidad (ROR) y los componentes de información bayesiana.
Análisis de sensibilidad realizados excluyendo agentes catecolaminergicos y terapias específicas concomitantes.

Principales resultados:

Más de 22 millones de informes de eventos adversos incluyeron 5213 casos de TTS, predominantemente en mujeres y adultos mayores.
Los agentes catecolaminergicos como la dobutamina y la norepinefrina mostraron la mayor desproporcionalidad en los informes.
Los informes desproporcionados persistieron para los medicamentos no catecolaminérgicos, incluidos los antineoplásicos y los agentes activos del SNC; los inhibidores del punto de control inmune (ICI) mostraron informes desproporcionados en pacientes oncológicos, pero menos que el carboplatino o el paclitaxel.

Conclusiones:

Los informes espontáneos indican una asociación desproporcionada entre TTS y múltiples clases de medicamentos, en particular los agentes catecolaminergicos.
Los inhibidores del punto de control inmune (ICI) se asocian con TTS en pacientes con cáncer, aunque con una menor desproporcionalidad de informes en comparación con el carboplatino y el paclitaxel.
Se justifica la vigilancia clínica, y se necesitan más estudios observacionales para establecer el riesgo absoluto y aclarar los mecanismos subyacentes.

Palabras clave:

las cardiomiopatías.las catecolaminas y las catecolaminas.

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