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Avances en complejos de metales de transición luminiscentes sensibles al pH para aplicaciones teranosticas
Bishnu Das1,2, Sakira Tabassum Borah2
1Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Chemistry, an Asian journal
|February 11, 2026
Resumen
Los complejos de metales de transición luminiscentes sensibles al pH son sondas moleculares prometedoras. Esta revisión destaca los avances en el diseño de estos complejos para la detección, la bioimagen y la teranosia del cáncer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química supramolecular de las moléculas.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Biología Química Biología química.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los complejos de metales de transición luminiscentes sensibles al pH están surgiendo como sondas moleculares avanzadas.
- Las variaciones del estado de protonación impactan significativamente en las propiedades fotofísicas, lo que permite aplicaciones de detección.
- Los complejos de rutenio (II) son particularmente prometedores debido a sus características fotofísicas y estructurales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los avances recientes en el diseño de complejos de metal de transición luminiscentes sensibles al pH.
- Para discutir la base mecanicista de la sensibilidad al pH en estos complejos.
- Para analizar su idoneidad para aplicaciones biológicas y theranostics.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura sobre los complejos de metales de transición luminiscentes sensibles al pH.
- Análisis de los orígenes mecánicos: protonación-deprotonación, enlace de hidrógeno, agregación.
- Evaluación del rutenio (II) y otros complejos metálicos basados en pKa, respuesta de emisión y compatibilidad biológica.
Principales resultados:
- Las estrategias de diseño aprovechan la modulación de la transferencia de carga, las energías de estado excitado y las interacciones no covalentes.
- Los complejos de rutenio (II) exhiben propiedades sintonizables, largas vidas de estado excitado y robustez.
- Diversas plataformas metálicas muestran diferentes rangos de pKa y respuestas de emisión, lo que afecta a la utilidad biológica.
Conclusiones:
- El diseño racional de ligandos es clave para desarrollar complejos luminiscentes confiables que respondan al pH.
- Estos complejos muestran potencial para la detección de pH en tiempo real, imágenes de alta resolución y teranostica.
- Se necesita más investigación para superar las limitaciones de la traducción clínica.
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