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Seguimiento de los cambios en el IMC en díadas de padres e hijos: Perspectivas del estudio Feel4Diabetes
Eva Karaglani1,2,3, Dimitra-Irinna Vitoratou1,2, Matzourana Argyropoulou1,2
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Pediatric obesity
|February 12, 2026
Resumen
La pérdida de peso de los padres impacta positivamente en las trayectorias de peso de los niños, especialmente cuando ambos padres reducen su índice de masa corporal (IMC). Este efecto es más significativo en familias con alto riesgo de diabetes tipo 2.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Endocrinología Pediátrica
- Salud Pública
- Investigación sobre Obesidad
Sus antecedentes:
- El estado de peso de los padres es un predictor significativo de la obesidad infantil.
- Existe una investigación limitada sobre cómo los cambios longitudinales en el índice de masa corporal (IMC) parental afectan las trayectorias de peso de los niños, particularmente en poblaciones de alto riesgo de diabetes tipo 2.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar los cambios en los puntajes z del IMC para la edad (BMIz) de los niños durante dos años.
- Asociar estos cambios con los cambios independientes y acumulativos en el IMC parental.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de 12 280 niños y sus padres del estudio Feel4Diabetes.
- Se evaluaron los cambios en el z-score del IMC infantil durante 2 años en relación con los cambios en el IMC parental.
- Los análisis se ajustaron por factores sociodemográficos en familias generales y de alto riesgo (AR) de diabetes tipo 2.
Principales resultados:
- Una disminución de 1 kg/m² en el IMC materno o paterno se correlacionó con una reducción en el z-score del IMC infantil (-0,037 y -0,027, respectivamente).
- El efecto combinado de la reducción del IMC de ambos padres fue una asociación más fuerte con una disminución del z-score del IMC infantil (-0,32).
- Este efecto parental conjunto fue más pronunciado en familias de alto riesgo de diabetes tipo 2 (-0,34).
Conclusiones:
- Las reducciones en el IMC parental, particularmente cuando ambos padres participan, conducen a cambios favorables en el IMC en los niños.
- Estos efectos beneficiosos se amplifican en familias con riesgo elevado de diabetes tipo 2.
- Destaca la importancia de las intervenciones centradas en la familia para las poblaciones con alto riesgo de diabetes tipo 2.
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