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¿Estamos pasando por alto los factores ambientales en los modelos de riesgo de caídas basados en IA?: Una revisión
Research square
|February 12, 2026
Resumen
Los modelos de inteligencia artificial (IA) para la predicción de caídas pasan por alto los peligros ambientales del hogar. La integración de datos ambientales puede mejorar la IA
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología
- Ciencias de la computación
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Las caídas son un riesgo importante para los adultos mayores, a menudo relacionadas con peligros ambientales en el hogar.
- Los factores ambientales son modificables y cruciales para las estrategias de prevención de caídas.
- Los modelos actuales de predicción de caídas de IA se centran principalmente en factores individuales, descuidando las influencias ambientales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente la integración de factores ambientales en modelos de predicción de riesgo de caídas basados en IA.
- Resumir los enfoques de IA y el rendimiento en la predicción de caídas en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad.
- Evaluar el papel de los datos ambientales en la mejora de los modelos de predicción de caídas de IA.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática que se adhiere a las pautas PRISMA.
- Se buscaron seis bases de datos electrónicas importantes desde su inicio hasta diciembre de 2025.
- Se incluyeron estudios que utilizan modelos de IA para predecir caídas en adultos mayores, incorporando factores ambientales.
Principales resultados:
- Nueve estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, utilizando aprendizaje automático supervisado, visión por computadora o robótica.
- Los factores ambientales fueron diversos, desde listas de verificación hasta datos de sensores/visión.
- La inclusión de características ambientales mejoró la discriminación del modelo (AUC-ROC 0.67-0.76) e identificó peligros.
Conclusiones:
- Los factores ambientales están subrepresentados en los modelos actuales de predicción de caídas de IA.
- La integración estandarizada y consciente del contexto de los datos ambientales puede mejorar la relevancia y la utilidad preventiva de los modelos de IA.
- La investigación futura debe centrarse en la incorporación de datos ambientales integrales para una prevención de caídas más eficaz.
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