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Estructura ovalada similar a un tumor hiperreflectante peripapilar como pseudoedema del disco óptico: reporte de caso

Rafaela Saalfeld¹, Ana H Hirata Choi², Leonardo P Zeni¹

¹Retina Department, Post-Graduation Program, Ivo Corrêa-Meyer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Case reports in ophthalmological medicine

|February 12, 2026

Resumen

Las estructuras ovaladas similares a tumores hiperreflectantes peripapilares (PHOMS, por sus siglas en inglés) son distintas de los drusos del disco óptico. Este caso destaca la diferenciación de PHOMS del papiledema, sugiriendo que las PHOMS pueden indicar daño en el nervio óptico.

Área de la Ciencia:

Oftalmología
Neuro-oftalmología

Sus antecedentes:

La estructura ovalada similar a un tumor hiperreflectante peripapilar (PHOMS) es un hallazgo distinto de los drusos del disco óptico (ODD).
El papel de las PHOMS como factor de riesgo independiente para enfermedades del nervio óptico no está claro actualmente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Presentar un estudio de caso que diferencie las PHOMS del papiledema.
Enfatizar la necesidad de un examen dedicado de las PHOMS en diversos grupos de enfermedades.

Principales métodos:

Presentación de caso de un niño de 12 años diagnosticado con PHOMS.
Se utilizó imagenología oftálmica multimodal, incluida la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT).

Principales resultados:

La OCT reveló una masa ovalada hiperreflectante peripapilar sin calcificación.
El caso no mostró signos de aumento de la presión intracraneal ni de líquido subretiniano, lo que la diferencia del papiledema.
Se conservó la agudeza visual y no se detectaron anomalías neurológicas.

Conclusiones:

Este caso destaca las distinciones clínicas y de imagen clave entre las PHOMS y el papiledema.
Se necesitan más estudios longitudinales para establecer las PHOMS como biomarcador de la gravedad del daño del nervio óptico.

Palabras clave:

drusos del disco óptico edema del disco óptico nervio óptico tomografía de coherencia óptica estructuras ovaladas similares a tumores hiperreflectantes peripapilares

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