Seguridad de un protocolo personalizado de agentes de contraste basados en gadolinio considerando las vías de

Jeong Woo Kim1, Chang Hee Lee1, Gang-Jee Ko2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea.

PubMed

Antecedentes/Objetivos:Teniendo en cuenta las vías de excreción y la dosis administrada de gadolinio, nuestra institución ha desarrollado un protocolo personalizado para la administración de agentes de contraste basados en gadolinio (GBCAs) en pacientes con insuficiencia renal, con el fin de facilitar una eliminación más rápida y una retención mínima del gadolinio. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar los resultados clínicos y la seguridad de este protocolo institucional durante un período de 8 años.Métodos:Este estudio retrospectivo de un solo centro incluyó pacientes con alteración renal que se sometieron a resonancia magnética con contraste (RM-GBCA) entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2022. El protocolo recomendó agentes de contraste con gadolinio (GBCA) específicos y ajustó las dosis según la etapa de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) y los niveles séricos de bilirrubina: se utilizó el gadoxetato disódico en pacientes con nivel sérico normal de bilirrubina debido a su vía de excreción dual, mientras que se emplearon agentes macrocíclicos en aquellos con niveles séricos elevados de bilirrubina. Durante el periodo de seguimiento, se evaluó la aparición de fibrosis sistémica nefrogénica (NSF) y evidencia de depósito de gadolinio en tejidos cerebrales.Resultados:Un total de 288 pacientes (edad, 64,6 ± 11,7 años; hombres, 64,9 %) se sometieron a 716 exámenes de resonancia magnética con contraste mejorado con agentes de gadolinio (GBCA) de acuerdo con el protocolo institucional. La cohorte incluyó 62 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en estadio 4 y 131 pacientes con ERC en estadio 5 o sometidos a hemodiálisis. En pacientes con ERC en estadio 4 y 5 y en aquellos sometidos a hemodiálisis, se realizaron 597 exámenes con disodio gadoxetato y 119 con agentes macrocíclicos. No se identificaron casos de fibrosis sistémica nefrogénica (NSF) ni depósitos de gadolinio en tejidos cerebrales durante períodos medios de seguimiento de 27,5 y 27,8 meses, respectivamente.Conclusiones:El protocolo personalizado de administración de ACG, considerando las vías de excreción y la dosis administrada de gadolinio, parece ser seguro con respecto a la FNE en pacientes con insuficiencia renal, y no se observó evidencia de depósito cerebral de gadolinio en el subgrupo evaluado de pacientes.

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