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Composición de la comunidad microbiana en relación con las infecciones de malaria en Junco hyemalis

Wilmer Stanley Amaya-Mejia¹, Ravinder N M Sehgal², Pamela J Yeh^1,3

¹Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.

|February 13, 2026

Resumen

La infección por Plasmodium en Juncos de Oregón redujo significativamente la diversidad de bacterias intestinales y alteró la composición microbiana. Esto sugiere que los parásitos pueden causar disbiosis intestinal, afectando la salud de las aves.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología microbiana
Parasitología aviar
Interacciones huésped-microbioma

Sus antecedentes:

La composición de la microbiota intestinal influye en la salud del huésped y la susceptibilidad a las enfermedades.
Las infecciones parasitarias pueden alterar la microbiota del huésped, pero la direccionalidad de este efecto a menudo no está clara.
Comprender estas interacciones es crucial para desarrollar estrategias de mitigación efectivas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto de la infección por Plasmodium relictum GRW04 en la microbiota intestinal de Juncos de Oregón salvajes.
Determinar si la infección conduce a cambios en la diversidad, composición o estructura de la red microbiana.

Principales métodos:

Caracterización y comparación de la microbiota intestinal de Juncos de Oregón infectados y no infectados mediante secuenciación de amplicones.
Análisis de métricas de diversidad alfa y beta.
Evaluación de redes de co-ocurrencia bacteriana.

Principales resultados:

Las aves infectadas exhibieron una diversidad alfa significativamente menor en comparación con las aves no infectadas.
El análisis de la diversidad beta reveló cambios composicionales, impulsados principalmente por taxones bacterianos raros.
Ciertos taxones (Muribaculaceae, Acidobacteriales, Pseudomonas, Escherichia-Shingella) se agotaron en las aves infectadas.
Las redes de microbiota en las aves infectadas mostraron una conectividad reducida y la ausencia de taxones clave.

Conclusiones:

El estudio proporciona una fuerte evidencia de alteraciones mediadas por parásitos en la composición de la microbiota intestinal.
Los cambios observados sugieren un vínculo potencial entre la infección por Plasmodium y la disbiosis intestinal en aves.
Se necesita más investigación para correlacionar estos cambios microbianos con la función intestinal y los resultados de salud del huésped.

Palabras clave:

microbiota intestinal Plasmodium relictum Junco hyemalis disbiosis diversidad microbiana

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