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Gobernanza rural impulsada por empresarios: ¿Un camino viable para el desarrollo económico colectivo rural?
Yuyuan Yi1, Furong Chen2, Lulu Yuan1
1Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China.
PloS one
|February 13, 2026
Resumen
La gobernanza de aldea impulsada por empresarios (BVG) en China aumenta los ingresos colectivos rurales, especialmente cuando los líderes tienen experiencia como propietarios de negocios. Este modelo de gobernanza mejora la confianza de base sin causar necesariamente una crisis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gobernanza Rural; Administración Pública; Sociología Económica
Sus antecedentes:
- La gobernanza de aldea impulsada por empresarios (BVG) es una tendencia creciente en las zonas rurales de China. Su impacto en la economía colectiva rural y la eficacia de la gobernanza es objeto de debate.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el efecto de la BVG en los ingresos colectivos rurales. Explorar el papel de los antecedentes del secretario de aldea (propietario de negocio vs. autoempleado) en este efecto. Analizar los factores mediadores y moderadores, incluida la confianza en los cuadros de la aldea.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de microencuestas de 15 provincias chinas (2021-2023). Se empleó análisis de regresión para evaluar el impacto de la BVG en los ingresos colectivos rurales. Se realizó un análisis de mecanismos para efectos mediadores y moderadores.
Principales resultados:
- La BVG aumenta significativamente los ingresos colectivos rurales. Los secretarios de aldea con antecedentes de propietarios de negocios muestran un efecto positivo más fuerte que aquellos con experiencia de autoempleo. El apoyo a proyectos gubernamentales y el espíritu empresarial rural median parcialmente el aumento de los ingresos. Las redes de clanes no moderan significativamente el efecto, mientras que la consulta democrática formal lo modera negativamente. Los antecedentes de propietarios de negocios mejoran la confianza de los agricultores en los cuadros de la aldea, a diferencia de la experiencia de autoempleo.
Conclusiones:
- La BVG puede impactar positivamente las economías colectivas rurales y fortalecer la confianza de base. Los antecedentes de los secretarios de aldea influyen significativamente en los resultados económicos y la confianza. La consulta democrática formal puede obstaculizar la eficacia de la BVG. Los hallazgos ofrecen información para optimizar la selección de cuadros de aldea y las estrategias de gobernanza.
Palabras clave:
gobernanza ruraldesarrollo económicoconfianza de baseliderazgo empresarialadministración públicaMás Videos Relacionados
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